Heating and cooling graphs

what happens to temperature of a solid if we increase the energy of the particles

Temperature rises

Describe first part of a heating graph

The temperature of the solid is rising as we increase the energy of the particles. At some point the temp stops rising and the line becomes horizontal, and this is where the solid is changing state into liquid (melting)

How does a solid become a liquid

The energy we are putting in is weakening or breaking the forces of attraction between the particles, allowing the substance to change from a solid to liquid

What is latent heat

The energy needed for a substance to change state

What happens on a heating graph during changing on state

A horizontal line

We are increasing the internal energy store of the system, but we are NOT changing the temperature

Second stage of heating graph

Eventually, all of the solid will have melted into liquid and now the temp starts to rise again, as we are increasing the energy of the particles. At some point the temp stops rising and reaches another horizontal line (boiling)

Why does boiling occur

The energy we are adding is weakening or breaking the forces of attraction between the particles

Third stage of heating graph

Once all the liquid has boiled, the temperature starts to rise again.

Show a heating graph

Show a cooling graph