Psychopathology Flashcards

Flashcards covering various psychological disorders and related concepts.

Bipolar 1

Recurring mood episodes, alternating, and must have at least 1 lifetime manic episode.

Manic Episode

Distinct period of abnormal/persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and increased activity or energy (for at least 1 week) with 3+ Symptoms.

Hypomanic Episode

Lasting 4+ days with same 3+ symptoms as manic episode, associated with unequivocal change in functioning, but not severe enough to cause marked impairment.

Major Depressive Episode

5+ symptoms in 2 week period including depressed mood or loss of interest/pleasure.

Bipolar 2

Current/past hypomanic episode AND major depressive episode, but no history of a manic episode.

Cyclothymic Disorder

For at least 2 years, numerous periods of hypomanic and depressive symptoms that do not meet the criteria for episodes. Present at least half the time, no more than 2 months without symptoms at a time.

Major Depressive Disorder

1+ major episode with no hypomania, 5+ symptoms during a 2 week period (depressed mood, diminished interest, weight loss, etc.)

Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)

At least 2 years, not without symptoms for 2 months at a time, with presence while depressed of 2+ symptoms and no history of manic/hypomanic episodes.

Specific Phobia

Marked fear and anxiety about a specific object or situation, almost always provokes fear/anxiety, and is typically lasting 6+ months.

Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)

Marked fear/anxiety about 1+ social situations in which you are exposed to possible scrutiny by others, persists for 6+ months.

Panic Disorder

Recurrent and unexpected panic attacks (at least 2), with at least 1 attack followed by 1+ month of worry about another one or maladaptive changes in behavior related to attacks. Persists for 6+ months.

Agoraphobia

Marked fear/anxiety about 2+ situations (public transport, open spaces, etc.) because escape might be difficult or help may be unavailable. Persists for 6+ months.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

Excessive anxiety/worry occuring more days than not for at least 6 months, about a number of events/activities (intense, unfocused, uncontrollable).

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

1+ month with exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence in 1+ ways and intrusion symptoms, avoidance, negative alterations in cognition/mood, and alterations in arousal/reactivity.

Acute Distress Disorder

9+ symptoms, 3 days -1 month following exposure to event: distressing memories, dreams, reactions, inability to experience positive emotions, etc.

Adjustment Disorders

Emotional or behavioral symptoms that arise in response to an identifiable stressor and resolve within 6 months after the stressor or its consequences have ceased.

Delusional Disorder

Display persistent beliefs (bizarre or non bizarre) that is contrary to reality in the absence of most other psychotic symptoms, present for 1 month or longer.

Brief Psychotic Disorder

Experience one or more positive symptoms of schizophrenia within one month.

Schizophreniform Disorder

Same symptoms present in schizophrenia but the time frame is different (1-6 months), impaired functioning is not required for diagnosis.

Schizoaffective Disorder

Individual suffers from symptoms of schizophrenia and a mood disorder (manic or depressive); delusions or hallucinations for 2+ weeks when symptoms of a mood disorder are not active.

Schizophrenia

Characterized by a broad spectrum of cognitive, behavior, and emotional dysfunctions that include hallucinations and delusions, disorganized speech and behavior, and inappropriate emotions for at least 6 months.

Personality Disorder

An enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual’s culture, is pervasive and inflexible, has an onset in adolescence or early adulthood, is stable over time, and leads to distress or impairment.

Schizoid Personality Disorder

Characterized by a pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a very limited range of emotions in interpersonal situations; must exhibit at least 4+ of the following characteristics.

Avoidant Personality Disorder

Pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation; must show at least 4+.

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with and reduced capacity for close relationships as well as by cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior; must exhibit 5+ characteristics.

Paranoid Personality Disorder

Pervasive and unjustified pattern of distrust and suspiciousness; 4+ of the following descriptors.

Dependent Personality Disorder

Pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive and clinging behavior and fears of separation; must exhibit 5+ of the following.

Histrionic Personality Disorder

Pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior; must exhibit 5+ of the following.

Borderline Personality Disorder

Pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affect as well as marked impulsivity; must exhibit 5+ of the following.

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Pervasive pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence; must exhibit 3+ and must be at least 18 years old.

Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder

Pattern of excessive preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, mental and interpersonal control, at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency; Individual most show 4+.

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy; Must exhibit 5+.

Substance Intoxication

Reversible substance specific syndrome of maladaptive behavioral or psychological changes due to the recent ingestion of or exposure to a substance that acts upon the central nervous system.

Substance Use Disorder

Maladaptive pattern of use leading to impairment or distress in at least two of the following, occurring within a 12 month period

Substance Withdrawal

Maladaptive behavioral change with physiological and cognitive effects that occurs when concentration of substance declines in the body after heavy and prolonged use, often with craving.

Intellectual Disability

Significant intellectual and adaptive functioning deficits in conceptual, social, and practical domains with an onset during the developmental period; deficits in intellectual functions confirmed by clinical assessment (IQ of about 70 or below).

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interest, or activities.

Conduct Disorder

Repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or societal norms or rules are violated presented in the past 12 months with 3+ symptoms.

V-Codes

Used to diagnose conditions or problems that may be a focus of clinical attention, but are not considered “mental disorders.”