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A-Level Psychology
Psychology Chapter 2: Research Methods
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Psychology
A-Level Psychology
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27 Terms
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Experience
involves making claims based on personal or observed events suspectable to errors
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Intuition
relies on personal confidence and a sense of what seems logically suspectable to errors
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Replication
Redoing reseach to further prove its findings
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Variables
factors that can change within a experiment
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Measured Variables
numerical and quantifiable variables
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manipulated variables
variables that can be altered by researchers
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Operational Definition
provide specific ways to measure or manipulate variables in research
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Variable -> Numbers methods:
Self surveys, and counting
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Desciptive research
focuses on one measured variable to determine 'what is normal?"
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Naturalistic Observation
study how people or animals tyupically interact
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Correlation Research
Compares two varibales to understand their realtionship
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Covariance
allow to demonstate a coreelation between variabels
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Random Selection
reduces bias
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Internal Validity
ruling out alternative explainations in research
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Confounds
alternative explainations that affect the realtionship between variables
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Desciptive statistics
summarize data presented in graphs
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Variability
the extent to which a variable differs amoung individuals
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Inferential statistics
provide estimates of patterns in data
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Statistical Significance
logical and probablitiy- based conclusions
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Institutional Review Boards (IRB)
must be approved by Institutional Review Boards on Autonomy, Beneficence, and Justice principles
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Autonomy
right to make informed decisions (consent)
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Beneficence
prevent physical and psychological harm to participants based on weighing costs and benefits
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Justice
focuses on ensuring the benefits of research are distributed fairly
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Replacement
Can you replace animals with something else?
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Refinement
Make sure animals suffer the least
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Reduction
less animals, same results
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Institutional Animal Care
supervise animal treatment and conduct regular inspections
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