Male preproductive

human body exam

Testosterone

Stimulates development of male sex organs and causes testes to descend. It also is responsible for the development and maintenance of make secondary sexual characteristics

Androgens

male sex hormones

Lh

Stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to produce testosterone

Fsh

stimulates spermatogenesis

GnRH

Stimulates anterior pituitary to release gonadotrophs (LH and FSH)

Penis

Conveys urine and semen. Becomes erect for sexual intercourse. Root is attached to pelvicarc and membranes of the perineum

Sperm survival temperature

About 3 degrees below body temp.

Dartos muscle

Muscle in the scrotum that contracts to pull testes closer to the body or releases to let scrotum hang loose thus regulating temperature for sperm production.

Scrotum

Pouch of skin and subcutaneous tissue that encloses the testes.

Semen

Contains sperm cells, sometimes from semina vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethal glands. 2.5 ml. About 120 million sperm per ml. Begin swimming when mixed with secretions of accessory glands. Survive up to 6 days after ejaculation.

Bulbourethal gland

Secretes fluid that lubricates the end of the penis

Prostate gland

Secretes alkaline fluids and enhances sperm motility.

Seminal vesicles

Secretes an alkaline fluid containing nutrients and prostaglandins to help neutralize acidic components.

Ductus deferentia

Vas deferens. Conveys sperm cells to ejaculatory duct.

Epididymis

Tube on the outside of the testis that stores immature sperm and promotes maturation

Body

Part of the sperm containing many mitochondria

Flagella

Part of sperm that propels the cell. (Tail)

Head

Part of the sperm that contains a nucleus with 23 chromatids

Structure of sperm cells

Head,body,tail

Formation of sperm cells

Spermatogenia —>primary spermatgytes —> 4 sperm cells

Spermatogenisis

Formation of sperm cells. Process of meiosis in the cells of the testes

Interstitial cells

Produce testosterone

Seminiferous tubules

Fill lobules in the testes separated by CT. Unite to form the rete testis that joins the epididymis. Contain undifferentiated cells that give rise to sperm cells.