HIST 1110 - Survey of World History Ch 6 "Worlds Together Worlds Apart" Final Exam

HIST 1110 - Survey of World History Ch 6 "Worlds Together Worlds Apart" Final Exam

Why was Alexander the Great significant?

Though he did not live to see his empire flourish, he spread Hellenism throughout the world, uniting many cultures. He was inspired to do so because the Persians murdered his father, the king of Macedonia. Once becoming a large figure, he married many women in order to promote cultural integration.

When Alexander the Great died, how was his empire divided?

In Egypt, there was the Ptolmey, In the old Persia, there were the Seleucids, and the Antigonids took Macedonia. These kingdoms decided to interact with diplomacy and trade instead of fighting.

What characterized Hellenism?

This thought promoted the ideas of cosmopolitanism, where a citizen is of the universe, and not a city. People focused on their place in the world through religion, and this brought on philosophy. Kings became legendary. This Greek culture spread all across Afro-Eurasia. There was still lots of slavery though, and coins were replacing trade.

What was happening with Rome before it became a huge power?

The Etruscans controlled the area at the time, but Cato the Elder was busy promoting a mix of Roman and Hellenistic ideas together. This area changed from a city state to a territoral state.

What was Carthage?

This was Rome's enemy, but they also accepted Hellenism.

How did Alexander the Great indirectly change South Asia?

Because of their great warfare, Alexander did not attack the Magadha. At the time, South Asia's people were not so united, until Chandragupta Mori took inspiration from the Greek leader and took over the Magadha. This was the first South Asian empire known as India. It became a religious center, as many trade routes came through here. Hellenism changed Buddhism. They were military focused and even beat the Seleucids.

How was the third king of the Mauryan empire (Asoka) different from the others?

After a brutal battle, this leader decided that tolerance of others (dhamma) was the right way to rule and unite the kingdom. It did not last long after his death.

Why was Bactria important?

This kingdom broke away from the Seleucids, but were important as a bridge between the Indian and Greek worlds. They were "Indo-Greek"

Due to Hellenism in India, what changes happened to Buddhism? What characterized Mahayana (Great Vehicle) Buddhism?

This religion became one of the people, and statues even wore various cultural clothings. The new form was created because people were not attracted to the idea that life was suffering, and that every reincarnation would bring suffering. Demigods, bodhisattvas, would help people reach nirvana, delaying their own nirvana. During this time, Buddha's life (a fictional account) was written.

Why were the Silk Roads important?

The Silk Roads interconnected cultures and provided ways for merchants and missionaries to spread goods, cultures, ideas, and religions.

How did fringe and nomad cultures help transmit ideas through the Silk Road?

Some cultures spread culture and let people pass through, such as the Xiongnu and the subsequent Kushan nomads. The Kushans let the Buddhists spread their message to China. Some, like the Nabateans, created caravan cities centered on trade. Palmyra was another famous city. Even the seas became part of the "roads", as the monsoons were mastered. As for Zoroastrianism, it did not travel far into the west, as they were already set on their own ideals.

What was China doing during the rise and spread of Hellenism?

They were getting really rich from all the silk they were making, though they were isolated culturally at this time.