AP Human Geo 4.4-4.10

Geometric Boundary

A purely functional boundary not influenced by geography. Typically a straight line

Ethnic Boundary

A boundary determined by cultural or ethnic differences between groups.

Relic Boundary

A boundary that has lost its original political function but still holds cultural significance.

Superimposed Boundary

A boundary that is imposed on a territory or group of people without regard for existing cultural or social patterns.

Antecedent Boundary

A boundary that was created before settlement and when the cultural landscape emerged.

Subsequent/Consequent Boundary

A boundary set after settlement.

Delimit

To mark a boundary on a map.

Dermarcate

To physically mark a boundary.

Administer

To enforce passage through a boundary.

Definitional Border Dispute

Border dispute based upon the interpretation of the policy that set it,

Locational Border Dispute

Border dispute based upon conflicts.

Operational Border Dispute

Border dispute based upon conflict over national policies.

Allocational Border Dispute

Border dispute based upon resource use conflicts.

UN Law of the Sea

12 nautical miles: territorial waters Next 12 miles: contiguous zones (taxes, laws, pollution standards still in effect. NO BLOCKING) 200 miles = economic only, no law enforcement (resources are still yours)

Gerrymandering

purposeful redistricting/redrawing a border (within a nation) to benefit a party.

Federal state

multiple layers of government, with national and local subsets.

Unitary state

Power is held in a centralized government without much power in local ones.

Supranationalism

giving large amounts of power to authority above the state.

Devolution

process of states giving more power to regional and/or local governments. Usually based on linguistic, ethnic, or political lines of distinction.

Balkanization

a country granted independence due to devolution