PSYC315 Chapter 8 Pt. 1: Mating Systems

Monogamy

practice or state of having a sexual relationship with only one partner at a time

Polygyny

A male has multiple female mates

Polyandry

A female has multiple male mates

Polygynandry

multiple males and multiple females mate together

obligatory paternal care

offspring may not survive if male if male is not there

facilitative paternal care

offspring don’t require care from males but result but results in better quality offspring

1) Obligatory

2) Facilitative

3) No care

3 types of paternal care

sperm competition

when a female is receiving sperm from multiple males, sperm must compete to fertilize the female

1) Polyandry

2) Polygynandy

2 mating systems where sperm has “stronger swimmers” & is better quality

1) Sex ratio

2) Distrubution of resources

3) Type of parental core required

3 conditions that affect what mating system is chosen

1) liftetime

2) seasonal(serial)

2 types of monogamy

male-assistance hypothesis

hypothesis predicts that scarce resources will favor monogamy

vasopressin

hormone facilitates pair-bonding

posterior pituitary

vasopressin is released by what gland?

ventral pallidum

contains the most vasopressin receptors

rostral shell of nucleus accumbens

Where are D₂ dopamine receptors located?

D₂ dopamine receptor

receptor involved in increase in pair-bonding & prosocial behavior

D₁ dopamine receptor

receptor faciliates aggression towards other opposite-sex individuals

reward centers

Monogamy and pair-bonding are linked to what centers of the brain?

1) Dopamine

2) GABA
3) Oxrexin

3 neurohormones/transmitters involved in monogamy

more viable offpsring

ultimate cause of monogramy