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Aerosol
a pressurized suspension of droplets or particles of the active substance in air or gas
Capsule
a small gelatinous case enclosing a dose of medication
Powder
very fine solid particles
Granules
larger irregular particles, usually effervescent
Solution
a homogenous mixture composed of two or more substances
Suspension
heterogenous fluid containing insoluble solid particles that are sufficiently large for sedimentation
Tablet
a mixture of active substances and excipients, usually in powder form, pressed or compacted into a solid
Syrup
consists of a concentrated or saturated solution of refined sugar in distilled water
Tincture
an alcoholic extract or solution of a non-volatile substance
Infusion
water or oil in which plants have been steeped
Decoction
water in which a crude vegetable drug has been boiled and which therefore contains the constituents or principles of the substance soluble in boiling water
Ear drops
solution or suspension
Infusion
gradual introduction of large amounts of liquids into the vein.
Enema
the procedure of introducing liquids into the rectum and colon via the anus
Cream
a semi-solid emulsion, i.e., a mixture of oil and water.
Gel
a colloidal system - a system in which finely divided particles, which are approximately 10 to 10,000 angstroms in size, are dispersed within a continuous medium (phase)
Liniment
a medicated topical preparation (liquid or semiliquid) for application to the skin
Lotion
a low- to medium-viscosity, topical preparation intended for application to unbroken skin.
Ointment
a viscous semisolid preparation used topically on a variety of body surfaces
Paste
a basic pharmaceutical form. It consists of fatty base and at least 25% solid substance
Transdermal patch
a medicated adhesive patch that is placed on the skin to deliver a specific dose of medication through the skin and into the bloodstream
Route of administration
path by which a drug, fluid, poison or other substance is brought into contact with the body.
Topical
local effect, substance is applied directly where its action is desired
Enteral
desired effect is systemic (non-local), substance is given via the digestive tract
Parenteral
desired effect is systemic, substance is given by other routes than the digestive tract
Epicutaneous
application onto the skin
Intravitreal
into the vitreus body
Transmucosal
diffusion through a mucous membrane
Transdermal
diffusion through the intact skin
Intrathecal
into the spinal canal
Slow-release
slowly dissolving over a prolonged period of time
Effervescent
releasing gas in a liquid, resulting in a fizzy suspension
Buccal
absorbed through cheek near gum line