after this youre done

Which of the following statements about natural selection is NOT true? Note be careful with this one; it requires some reasoning

natural selection always results in gene frequency change

Young white-crowned sparrows develop neural connections between their song-control nuclei as they develop their song

proximate, ontogenetic

Birds don’t fly when dead leaves blow towards them because flight from non-threatening objects wastes energy resources that would be used for survival/reproduction

ultimate functional

If the intensity of eye color of the population of yellow-eyed penguins in southern New Zealand is highly variable, and has a heritability of 0.1. Which of the below statements is FALSE?

The trait is unlikely to be inherited from parents in future generations

When a scientist is correct in saying that there is a gene for a behavior, she must really mean

individuals with different forms of that gene tend to exhibit different behaviors

Differential reproduction is necessary for gene frequency change.

false

Young people like candy more than older people because the brain cells receiving sensory input from taste receptors in the tongue shrink as people get older. LOA = “__”.

ontogenetic

You are interested in studying nose-picking behavior in humans. You would like to choose sets of twins from rearing environments that will yield the MOST conclusive data about the heritability of this behavior. Which should you choose?

monozygotic twins reared apart.

Which of the following is an example of an innate releasing mechanism (IRM)?

The cluster of neurons in the brain of a parent bird that causes it to feed its chicks

This is the neural substrate underlying highly the stereotyped instinctual behavior of a fixed action pattern “____”.

innate releasing mechanism

Provide a) the name of one polymorphic organism, and provide b) 1 sentence description of what the polyphenism looks like, and c) 1 sentence on what environmental factor triggers the switch

carpenter ants, they have a two worker phenotypes: major and minor. The one that becomes prominent is based on need

Which of the following is an example of an organizational effect of hormones?

an adult female developing more testosterone receptors

More testosterone receptors in brains of male mice raised in saturated populations is a effect.

organizational.

Diminishing returns can refer to the reduction in foraging efficiency that occurs as a forager exploits a patch of food.

true

Optimal foraging models often best predict behavior when researchers consider the costs and benefits of interacting with predators.

TRUE

what kind of communication is this - Vervet monkeys shout warning calls to the members of their group when they see an approaching predator.

UH

what kind of communication - When a baby snake (who does not yet have a poisonous bite) is approached by a predator, the snake shakes its tail.

Deceit

What is the key difference between a communication signal and a cue?

signal is benefit of sender and cue is benefit of receiver.

Define sexual selection

Differential reproduction due to competition over access to mates

The taxonomic group of brick-colored fish in the family Trinitonia are distributed worldwide and contains approximately equal numbers of sexual and asexual species. Of the following habitats, which are expected to support more sexual species, and which are expected to support more asexual species? - the artic tundra in Alaska

asexual

The taxonomic group of brick-colored fish in the family Trinitonia are distributed worldwide and contains approximately equal numbers of sexual and asexual species. Of the following habitats, which are expected to support more sexual species, and which are expected to support more asexual species? - The nutrient rich sea off of Ecuador

sexual

The taxonomic group of brick-colored fish in the family Trinitonia are distributed worldwide and contains approximately equal numbers of sexual and asexual species. Of the following habitats, which are expected to support more sexual species, and which are expected to support more asexual species? - The Gobi desert in northern China

asexual.

Monogamy is more likely to occur in birds than in mammals because

Most male mammals are physiologically unable to provide food for newborn young.

A homing pigeon raised in an indoor loft at Trinity where the lights artificially come on at noon and go off at midnight is placed 10 miles east of its loft at 6pm. Which direction will the bird fly in an attempt to get home?

North

Standard Prediction

the prediction that the species has a testable trait or strategy that is due to the alternative hypothesi

Critical Prediction

The specifics of what factors influence the subject at hand; analysis between multiple levels here

Differential Prediction:

The prediction of accepting one hypothesis and using it to rule out others within a level of analysis