Maths Unit 1

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WJEC A-Level Maths

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76 Terms

1
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How to solve simultaneous equations?

  1. rearrange linear equation

  2. set equal to one another

  3. find value and sub back in

  4. find other value

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How to complete the square?

knowt flashcard image
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How to find the min/max of a value?

  1. complete the square

  2. sketch graph

<ol><li><p>complete the square</p></li><li><p>sketch graph </p></li></ol><p></p>
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How to solve quadratic inequalities?

  1. solve normally

  2. state critical values

  3. sketch graph to visualise

  4. shade region by looking at inequality

  5. state inequalities range

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Discriminant when 2 real roots

b2-4ac > 0

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Discriminant when 1 real root

b2-4ac = 0

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Discriminant when no real roots

b2-4ac < 0

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Distance between 2 points

<p></p>
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Midpoint of a line

knowt flashcard image
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Gradient of a straight line

knowt flashcard image
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Equation of a straight line passing 2 points

knowt flashcard image
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How to know if lines are perpendicular?

if m1 x m2 = -1

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When are lines parallel?

If they have the same gradient

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How to find intersection of lines?

solve equations simultaneously

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Equation of circle

knowt flashcard image
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General form of equation of circle

knowt flashcard image
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How to find equation of a tangent to a circle?

  1. find gradient of radius

  2. find gradient of tangent (perpendicular)

  3. sub into equation of line using point co-ordinate

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Point outside circle

CP > radius

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Point inside circle

CP < radius

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Point on circle

CP = radius

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Circles touch externally

Distance of C1>C2 = R1+R2

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Circles do not touch

Distance of C1>C2 > R1+R2

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Circles intersect at 2 points

Distance of C1>C2 < R1+R2

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Circles touch internally

Distance of C1>C2 = R1—R2

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Line intersects at 2 points

chord

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Line intersects at 1 point

tangent

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How to differentiate?

  1. multiply by power

  2. minus 1 from power

  3. gradient function

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Differentiation from first principles

knowt flashcard image
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Gradient of normal

perpendicular to gradient of tangent

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How to integrate?

  1. gradient function

  2. increase power by 1

  3. divide by new power

  4. must have +c

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Quadratic formula

knowt flashcard image
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am/n

n√am

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am x an

am+n

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a0

1

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a-n

1/an

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(am)n

amn

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am / an

am-n

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When is a stationary point a maximum?

d2y / dx2 < 0
positive to negative gradient

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When is a stationary point a minimum?

d2y / dx2 > 0
negative to positive gradient

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How to classify stationary points?

  1. find second derivative

  2. sub in x values

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When is y increasing?

dy / dx > 0

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When is y decreasing?

dy / dx < 0

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Sine rule

a / sinA = b / sinB = c / sinC

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Cosine rule

a2 = b2 + c2 - 2bc x cosA

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Cosine rule for angle

A = cos-1 ( a2 - b2 - c2 / -2bc )

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Area of a triangle

A = ½ x ab x sinC

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tanθ

sinθ / cosθ

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cos2θ + sin2θ =

1

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sine graph

knowt flashcard image
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cos graph

knowt flashcard image
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tan graph

knowt flashcard image
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General binomial theorem

(a+b)n = an + nC1 x an-1 x b + nC2 x an-2 x b2 + nC3 x an-3 x b3 + … + nCn x a0 x bn

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When does a polynomial f(x) have a remainder f(a)?

when divided by (x-a)

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When does a polynomial f(x) have a factor?

If f(a)=0 then (x-a) is a factor

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|r| =

√a2 + b2

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What is the magnitude of a vector?

length of it, |r|

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Write (2 / 4 ) in terms of i and j

2i + 4j

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Finding vectors from coordinates

( x2 / y2 ) - ( x1 / y1 )

B - A

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Dividing a line in a given ratio

μa + λb / μ + λ

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What is an exponential

y = ex

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Inverse of y=ex

y=ln(x)

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Inverse of loga(x)=p

ap=x

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loga(xy) =

logax + logay

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loga(x/y) =

logax - logay

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loga(x)n =

nloga(x)

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What is a real number

when squared they give a positive number

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What is an imaginary number

when squared they give a negative number

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What is a rational number

expressed as a/b when a and b are whole numbers

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What is an irrational number

  • cant be a fraction

  • when decimals they are endless and non repeating

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y=f(x) to y=f(x-a)

  • inside bracket

  • x direction

  • opposite

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y=f(x) to y=f(x) + a

  • outside bracket

  • y direction

  • same

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y=f(x) to y=af(x)

  • outside bracket

  • y values multiplied by a

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y= f(x) to y=f(xa)

  • inside bracket

  • x direction

  • x values divided by a

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y=f(x) to y=f(x/a)

  • inside bracket

  • x direction

  • x values multiplied by a

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y=f(x) to y=-f(x)

  • outside bracket

  • y direction

  • reflect on x axis

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y=f(x) to y=f(-x)

  • inside bracket

  • x direction

  • reflect on y axis