APUSH Required Factual Content Period 7

Great Depression

1929-1939 - time of largest economic collapse in industrial world

Episodes of credit and market instability in the early 20th century

led to calls for a stronger financial regulatory system

Prohibition

1920 - 1933 - Nationwide constitutional ban on the production, importation, transportation, and sale of alcoholic beverages

Put in place with the thought that men would no longer go wast their pay checks at bars

People still drank, bootleg alcohol became a huge business, nationalism took a hit

Women's Suffrage

1920 - Right for women to vote in election

Amendment to the constitution was passed due to the progressive movement

Franklin D. Roosevelt

32nd president of the US

Member of the Democratic Party

Ended prohibition

Dealt with and ended great depression --> Instilled New Deal to get the country back on its feet

New Deal

System put in place by FDR to cope with the great depression

Social security began (second New Deal), new jobs arose, taxes were raised

Money was spent on projects that would create jobs (roads, schools, etc.)

Did not end great depression, but left a legacy of reforms and regulatory agencies and fostered a long-term political realignment in which many ethnic groups, African Americans, and working-class communities identified with the Democratic Party.

Welfare State

a system whereby the government intervenes to protect the health and well-being of its citizens, especially those in financial or social need, by means of grants, pensions, and other benefits

Redefined the goals and ideals of modern American liberalism

Harlem Renaissance

Cultural, social, and artistic explosion that took place in upstate NY between the end of World War I and the middle of the 1930s

Result of migration

Gave rise to new forms of art and literature that expressed ethnic and regional identities

World War I

1914 - 1918 - Global war originating in Europe

Sparked nativism campaigns

Intensified ongoing debates about the nation's role in the world and how best to achieve national security and pursue American interests.

Red Scare

1917 - 1920 - Fear of the rise of communism in the US

Occurred just after WWI

Made Americans uneasy about the direction of the nation politically

Nativism

Policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants

During and after WWI, nativism peaked --> decreased immigration as campaigns against some ethnic groups led to the passage of quotas that restricted immigration

World War II

1939 - 1945 - Global war that included the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers

War on Adolf Hitler

Transformed American society, while the victory of the United States and its allies over the Axis powers vaulted the U.S. into a position of global, political, and military leadership.

Great Migration

1916 - 1970 - Movement of 6 million blacks out of the South to places like North, Midwest, and West

Looking for greater economic opportunity and less violence/racism

Imperialism

Policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force

Seen as a source of economic advancement

Was opposed heavily by Anti-Imperialists

Spanish American War

Conflict fought between Spain and the United States in 1898

Led to the U.S. acquisition of island territories in the Caribbean and the Pacific, an increase in involvement in Asia, and the suppression of a nationalist movement in the Philippines.

Woodrow Wilson

28th president of the US

Member of the Democratic Party

Passed Prohibition Laws (18th Amendment)

Passed Women's Voting Rights Laws (19th Amendment)

Created National War Labor Board (1918) to arbitrate disputes between workers & employees in order to ensure labor reliability and productivity

Established League of Nations

Passed Clayton Antitrust Act (1914) to strengthen provisions of Sherman Antitrust Act to break up monopolies

American Expeditionary Force

US Military expeditionary force during WWI

Played a relatively limited role in combat, but the U.S.'s entry helped to tip the balance of the conflict in favor of the Allies

Treaty of Versailles/League of Nations

International alliance formed after WWI

US did not join Despite Wilson's deep involvement in postwar negotiations

Pearl Harbor

1941 - Japanese attack on American

Drew US into WWII

Holocaust

1941 - 1945 - Genocide in which some six million European Jews were killed by Adolf Hitler's Nazi Germany, and the World War II collaborators with the Nazis

US opposed Nazi Germany in WWII

Changed the lives of millions and international relations indefinitely

D-Day Invasion

1944 - Invasion on Axis in Normandy, France

Largest seaborne invasion in history

Decisive allied victory

Was planned for months

Progressivism

Era in the early 20th century

Response to political corruption, economic instability, and social concerns by calling for greater government action and other political and social measures

At times called political corruption

Seeking of federal legislation that would be used to effectively regulate the economy, expand democracy, and generate moral reform

Dealt with prohibition and woman suffrage

Were concerned with many issues

Reformers

Felt riches "irresponsible " actions were corrupting society so wanted to condemn this

Preservationists/ conservationists

Advocated for careful management o the environment and natural resources . Supported by Theodore Roosevelt he set aside millions of acres for preservation.

US isolationism

Wish to avoid military and political conflicts and wish for US to focus on economic developments

Nazi Germany and Japan

Extreme nationalism , racism , totalitarianism, homophobia, anti seminism, ant communism and limited freedom of religion

Japanese Americans

Discriminated against during WWII seen as the enemy even if they were born in America