Chapter 9: Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), Conduct Problems, and Bullying

These flashcards cover key terminology and concepts related to Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Problems, and Bullying, as discussed in Chapter 9 of the lecture.

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

A pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness lasting at least 6 months.

Symptom Clusters

DSM-5 groups symptoms of ODD into three domains: Angry/Irritable Mood, Argumentative/Defiant Behavior, and Vindictiveness.

Angry/Irritable Mood

Symptoms include frequently losing temper, being easily annoyed, and showing anger or resentment.

Argumentative/Defiant Behavior

Children argue with adults, refuse to comply with requests, deliberately annoy others, and blame others for mistakes.

Vindictiveness

Behaviors such as seeking revenge, holding grudges, and exhibiting spiteful behavior over a period.

Severity Specifier

Classifies severity of ODD based on the number of settings affected: mild (one), moderate (two), severe (three or more).

Conduct Disorder (CD)

Involves repetitive behavior that violates the rights of others or major societal rules; symptoms persist for at least 12 months.

Aggression Toward People and Animals

Examples include bullying, physical fights, use of weapons, cruelty to animals, and sexual coercion.

Deceitfulness or Theft

Includes acts such as breaking into houses or cars, lying to obtain goods, and shoplifting.

Callous-Unemotional Traits

Traits in youth representing a severe subgroup, characterized by lack of remorse, lack of empathy, and shallow emotions.

Gender Differences in CD and ODD

Rates of ODD are higher in boys during childhood, while CD shows a higher prevalence in boys, often exhibiting physical aggression.

Common Comorbidities of Conduct Disorder

Frequent co-occurrence with disorders such as ADHD, ODD, substance use disorders, depression, anxiety disorders, and learning disorders.

Developmental Course of ODD and CD

Follows a developmental progression: early childhood → difficult temperament → oppositional behavior → ODD → Conduct Disorder.

Coercion Theory

Describes a cycle of conflict between child misbehavior and harsh parental discipline, leading to reinforcement of aggressive behavior.

Environmental Causes of Conduct Problems

Child behavior and parenting influence each other; negative community and familial factors contribute to conduct problems.

Parent Management Training (PMT)

A treatment targeting family dynamics, teaching parents strategies for positive reinforcement and consistent discipline.

Cognitive Problem-Solving Skills Training (PSST)

Teaches children to identify problems, generate solutions, and evaluate consequences to improve social problem-solving.

Incredible Years Program

An early childhood prevention program focusing on parent and teacher training to enhance emotional regulation and social skills.

Bullying

Intentional aggressive behavior involving power imbalance and repeated harm, characterized by elements of intent, power, and repetition.

Relational Bullying

Involves damaging social relationships or reputation, often seen in forms such as social exclusion, spreading rumors, and manipulating friendships.