Biology-life on earth-KA1

Key words, food chains, food webs, niche, competition, cell structure

Habitat

Places where an organism lives

biodiversity

The variety of species that exist on earth

community?

All the living organisms in a habitat

population?

All the organisms of a species

species

Population that can be interbred to produce fertile offspring

ecosystem

All the living organisms and the non-living factors they interact with

producer

Organisms that make their own food (green plants)

consumer

Animals that get their food from eating plants or other animals that have eaten plants

herbivore

An organism that only eats plants

omnivore

An organism that eats animal material and plants

carnivore

An organism that only eats animal material

predator

An animal that hunts other animals for food

prey

An animal that gets hunted by the predator

What do the arrows in a food chain show

The direction of energy flow

What do food webs and food chains show

The feeding relationships between organisms

What is the first and second consumers in a food chain called

Primary and secondary consumers

What does the removal of any species on a food web do to the other organisms

Cause them to increase, decrease or stay the same

Reasons for numbers of organisms changing include:

Having more/less food to eat

Having more/less predators eating them

What is a niche

The role an organism plays within a community

What does a niche involve

Competition

Predation

Conditions it can tolerate eg. Temp

When does competition occur

When resources are in short supply

What do animals compete for

Mates, food, habitat

What do plants compete for

Light, space, pollinators

What is interspecific competition

Competition between different species for some of the same resources

What is intra specific competition

Competition within the same species for all of the same resources

Which type of competition is more intense, why?

Intraspecific because they compete for ALL of the same resources

Name all structures in an animal cell

Nucleus

Cell membrane

Mitochondria

Ribosomes

which cells have a nucleus

all but bacterial

which cells have mitochondria

all But bacterial

Which cells have a cell membrane

all

Which cells have ribosomes

All

Which cells have chloroplasts

Plant

Which cells have a cell wall

All but animal

Which cell have a vacuole

Plant and fungal

Which cells have cytoplasm

All

Which cells have plasmids

Bacterial

Which cells have a singular circular chromosome

Bacterial

Nucleus

Controls cell activity

Mitochondria

Site of aerobic respiration (ATP made here)

Cell membrane

Controls what can enter and exit the cell

Ribosomes

Site of protein synthesis

Chloroplasts

Site of photosynthesis

Cell wall

Provides structure and support, made of cellulose

Vacuole

Stores cell sap/excess water

Cytoplasm

Site of chemical reactions

Plasmid

Small, circular pieces of DNA

Single circular chromosome

Bacterial DNA