Roaring Twenties Weiss Test

What provoked the Red Scare?

The public’s association of labor violence with its fear of revolution.

A. Mitchell Palmer:

United States Attorney General who led raids against perceived Communists and Anarchists.

What did the Ku Klux Klan react against?

The forces of diversity and modernity that were transforming American culture.

 What caused immigrant restrictions in the 1920’s?

The nativist belief that northern Europeans were superior to south and eastern Europeans.

Immigration Act of 1924 imposed quotas against?

Nationality

Volstead Act resistance:

Included widespread illegal alcohol production and consumption, the rise of organized crime, and public defiance through the creation of speakeasies and other underground drinking establishments

Assumption of Prohibition

It would be permanent.

Chicago in the 1920’s:

The greatest example of lawlessness.

Scopes Trial:

A 1925 court case in Dayton, Tennessee, where high school teacher John Scopes was accused of violating the state's Butler Act by teaching the theory of evolution.

Main problem faced by American manufacturers:

Developing a market of people to buy their products.

Results of 1920’s prosperity:

Helped accumulate a cloud of debt.

Henry Ford’s contribution to the automobile industry:

Making automobiles affordable for the average person through the use of the assembly line, which enabled mass production and led to a drop in car prices

The first “Talkie” motion picture:

The Jazz Singer

Results of the advent of radio and motion pictures:

Much of the rich diversity of immigrant culture was lost.

Impact of Automobiles, radio, and motion pictures:

Contributed to the standardization of American life.

1920 census revelation:

For the first time Americans lived in cities.

Margaret Sanger:

Advocate for birth control.

Birth of Jazz Music:

American blacks.

Marcus Garvey:

Founded the United Negro Improvement Association to promote the resettlement of American Blacks in their own “African Homeland.”

Warren G. Harding’s weaknesses as president:

Mediocre mind, inability to detect moral weaknesses in his associates, unwillingness to hurt people’s feelings by saying no, administrative weakness.

Albert B. Fall:

The worst mind of the Harding cabinet.

The Supreme Court Cases of Muller and Adkins:

Centered on the question of whether women merited special legal and social treatment.

United States in the Middle East:

To secure oil-drilling concessions for American companies.

1928 Kellogg-Brand Pact:

Outlawed war as a solution to international rivalry.

Teapot Dome Scandal:

The most spectacular fault in the Harding administration. The government set aside oil rich lands at Tea Pot Dome, Wyoming. Albert B. Fall sold the land to private investors and made a profit of $400,000. 

Descriptive attributes of Calvin Coolidge:

Honesty, frugality, shyness, and caution.

Focus of Coolidge Presidency:

Business community.

American reaction to Harding scandals:

Excusing the wrongdoers since they got away with it.

 Argument made by European Allies regarding loans:

No repayment of loans since they lost more lives in war.

Results of America’s insistence that war debts be repaid:

France and Britain asked for more money from Germany.

Dawes Plan:

Tried to solve the tangle of war-debt and war-reparations payments.

Al Capone

Dominated the notoriety of Prohibition. 

William Jennings Bryan:

Joined the prosecution in the Scopes Trial.

Clarence Darrow

In 1925, Darrow defended John T. Scopes in the State of Tennessee v. Scopes trial.

Andrew Mellon:

Secretary of treasury in Harding’s Cabinet. Mellon came into office with a goal of reducing the huge federal debt from World War I. 

Charles Lindbergh:

In May 1927, Lindbergh flew his custom-built aircraft, the Spirit of St. Louis, over 3,600 miles from New York to Paris in 33.5 hours. This made him an instant global icon, earning him the nicknames "Lucky Lindy" and "The Lone Eagle".

F. Scott Fitzgerald:

Writer of the Great Gatsby a brilliant evocation of the glamour and cruelty of an achievement oriented society.

Flappers:

Symbolized a yearned for and devil-may-care independence in some American women.

Sacco and Vanzetti:

Two Italian immigrants accused and convicted of armed robbery and murder. They were sentenced to death by electric chair. This led to mass protests across America and Europe.

Ohio Gang:

Cronies of Warren G. Harding who surrounded him while in Washington.

Bootlegging

The illegal production and distribution of liquor.

Speakeasy

Secret bars where people would purchase alcohol.

Ernest Hemingway:

Famous writer affected by the war.

Babe Ruth:

Homerun hitting baseball star who was better known then many of the politicians and statesmen of the time.

Louis Armstrong:

Was an American jazz trumpeter and singer from New Orleans, Louisiana.

 Harlem Renaissance:

A flowering of African American arts and culture.

Great Migration:

When African Americans began to move North.

Langston Hughes:

Leading voice of the African American experience in the United States.

Tulsa Race Massacre:

Single worst incident of racial violence in the U.S. It lasted eighteen hours on May 31 - June 1, 1921; the second largest African American community was burned to the ground, over 1,000 homes and businesses were destroyed.