Chemistry - Solids & Liquids

Covalent Molecules Nonpolar

Covalent Molecules Nonpolar

Solid nonpolar molecules

• BP & MP: very low

• Solubility in polar: no

• Solubility in nonpolar: yes

• Conductivity solid: no

• Conductivity liquid: no

Covalent Molecules Polar

Solid polar molecules

• BP & MP: med-low

• Solubility in polar: yes

• Solubility in nonpolar: no

• Conductivity solid: no

• Conductivity liquid: no

Large-Carbon Chain

Lots of C&H with one polar end

• BP & MP: med

• Solubility in polar: yes

• Solubility in nonpolar: yes

• Conductivity solid: no

• Conductivity liquid: no

Metallic

Pure metal or metal mixture

• BP & MP: med-high

• Solubility in polar: no

• Solubility in nonpolar: no

• Conductivity solid: yes

• Conductivity liquid: no

Ionic

Metal & nonmetal or a polyatomic

• BP & MP: high

• Solubility in polar: yes

• Solubility in nonpolar: no

• Conductivity solid: no

• Conductivity liquid: yes

Covalent Network Crystals (NCC)

Diamond graphite

• BP & MP: super high

• Solubility in polar: no

• Solubility in nonpolar: no

• Conductivity solid: no

  • Conductivity liquid: no

What crystals are included in the NCC?

General Si (SiO2, SiC, Si), AlN

London Dispersion Force

Nonpolar molecule

London Dispersion Force characteristics

• BP & MP: very low

• Phase of matter: gas

• Strength of bond: way weak

Induced Dipole-Dipole

Polar and nonpolar “gas in water” solutions

Induced Dipole-Dipole characteristics

• BP & MP: low

• Phase of matter: solution

• Strength of bond: weak

Dipole-Dipole

Polar covalent molecules

Dipole-Dipole characteristics

• BP & MP: med-low/med

• Phase of matter: liquid

• Strength of bond: med-low

Hydrogen Bond

Hydrogen from one molecule bonded to F, N, or O of another

Hydrogen Bond characteristics

• BP & MP: med

• Phase of matter: liquid

• Strength of bond: med