Middle Childhood: Cognitive Development

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to cognitive development in middle childhood, including specifics about learning disabilities, ADHD, and Piaget's theory.

Learning Disabilities (LD)

Disorders that affect a person's ability to interpret sensory information or to link information in different parts of the brain.

Dyslexia

The most common form of learning disability, historically identified by an IQ–Achievement discrepancy.

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

The most common diagnosis in children and adolescents, characterized by symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity.

Concrete Operational Stage

Piaget's stage of cognitive development from ages 6 to 11, where logical thinking about concrete objects develops.

Conservation

The understanding that quantity stays the same despite changes in appearance.

Seriation

The ability to arrange objects in a sequence according to a particular characteristic.

Transitivity

The ability to understand the relationship between different objects in a logical sequence.

Classification

The ability to group objects based on shared properties.

Reversibility

The understanding that actions can be reversed, leading to the original state.

Decentering

The ability to consider multiple aspects of a situation rather than focusing on a single characteristic.

Metaphors

Figures of speech that imply a comparison between two unlike things, often used to enhance understanding.