Gas Laws and Properties of Gases

These flashcards cover key concepts regarding gas laws, their behaviors, and fundamental relationships between pressure, volume, and temperature.

What temperature scale must be used for all gas law problems?

Kelvin (K)

What happens to pressure and volume according to Boyle’s Law when pressure increases?

As pressure increases, volume decreases.

What is the relationship between volume and temperature in Charles's Law?

Volume is directly proportional to temperature at constant pressure.

What are the standard conditions for pressure (STP)?

1 atm and 273 K or 0°C.

How do gas particles move compared to particles in solids or liquids?

Gas particles move quickly and in random motion.

What is Avogadro's Law?

Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules.

In which scenario will the volume of a gas decrease when temperature decreases at constant pressure?

If the amount of gas remains the same and temperature decreases.

What occurs to the pressure of a gas sample when its temperature decreases at constant volume?

The pressure decreases.

What does Gay-Lussac's Law state?

Pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature at constant volume.

What is the equation to find the final volume of a gas when the temperature changes?

V1/T1 = V2/T2.

For a gas to occupy the same number of molecules as 11.2 liters of N2 at STP, what volume of NO2 is needed?

5.6 L of NO2.

What formula is used to calculate pressure if a gas volume and temperature changes?

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2.

If 13.0 g of aluminum chloride decomposes, what gas volume will be collected at 25°C and 1.15 atm?

It should depend on the molar calculation from the balanced reaction.

How do you calculate the partial pressure of a gas in a mixture?

By adding the partial pressures of individual gases.

What does Graham's Law state about the effusion rates of gases?

The rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass.

At constant pressure, what happens when the temperature of a gas increases?

The volume of the gas increases.