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Respiratory system
has been designed to take oxygen into the body, and get rid of carbon dioxide and some other waste products of bodily activity
lies posterior to the nasal cavities, mouth, and larynx.
Soft palate
- projects posteriorly from the hard palate.
Auditory tube
is a canal between the nasal pharynx and middle ear, opens into the lateral side of the nasal pharynx
Adenoids
are located on the posterior wall of the nasal pharynx
Epiglottis
is a flat leaflike plate of cartilage
Tonsils
are masses of lymphoid tissue
Organ of voice or voice box, is a triangular boxlike structure that lies in the anterior part of the neck.
Thyroid cartilage
composed of 2 flat plates of cartilage placed vertically and joined together at the midline anteriorly.
Cricoid cartilage
is shaped like a signet ring. It encircles the larynx below the thyroid cartilage.
Vocal folds
are paired folds of the lining membrane of the larynx that extend medially from each sidewall of the larynx towards the midline.
Glottis
Is the slit-like opening between the vocal folds.
Is a hollow tube 11 cm or about 4.5 inches in length extending from the larynx above to bronchi below. Consists of 16 to 20 incomplete ring.
Are hollow branched tubes continuous above with the trachea.
Carina
is a ridge of cartilage between the openings from the trachea into right and left main bronchi. Bifurcation of the trachea.
Are formed by the division of the smallest bronchi.
Smallest bronchioles that leads into the air sacs of the lungs.
The upper bluntly pointed end, and reaches one inch above the clavicle
The broad lower end is concave and rests upon the upper convex surface of the diaphragm.
Is a depression or indention on the medial surface of each lung where the structures enter or leave the lung.
Roots
Consists of structures entering or leaving the lungs at the hila, the blood vessels and the main bronchi.
Is that surface that lies adjacent to the ribs and cartilages.
Is the part in contact with the diaphragm
In contact with the mediastinum
Are narrow grooves or slits that divide the ling into lobes.
Can be traced around the chest wall from the 5th thoracic vertebrae behind, obliquely downwards, and forward to the anterior end of the 6th rib.
Begins at the axillary border of the right lung.
Are the structural units of the lungs, each with its segmental bronchus, segmental artery and vein.
A cup-shaped microscopic structures that with many other similar structures form the wall of an alveolar or air sac.
is the expanded saclike cavity opening from a small division (alveolar duct) of a respiratory bronchiole.
includes a respiratory bronchiole, its alveolar ducts, their alveolar sacs and alveoli, and the blood vessels of this unit. Each lobule is a small division of a pulmonary segment
Forms the lining membrane of the chest and the covering of each lung. It is a serous membrane similar to the pericardium and peritoneum, and secretes a thin watery fluid.
Covers each lung except at the root.
Lines the chest cavity on each side.
That part of the parietal pleura on the upper surface of the diaphragm.
Is the parietal pleura that lines the rib cage.
Is the parietal pleura on each lateral surface of the mediastinum
Is the space between the lung and the chest wall.
A narrow space where the inner surface of the lower chest wall and the diaphragm are in contact.
the volume of air that can be expelled (breathed out) from the lungs by a forced expiration, following the greatest possible inspiration, is 3500 to 4800 ml.
the volume of air that is breathed in or out during normal quiet inspiration or expiration: 500 ml.
The extra volume of air that can be inspired following a normal inspiration: 1500 to 2000 ml.
The volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs following a normal expiration: 1500 ml.
The amount of air that remains in the lungs following a forced expiration, that cannot be expelled is 1200 to 1500 ml.
Is a vertical partition located in the median plane of the chest and separating the 2 lungs from each other.
Agenesis
No lung, lung has not formed.
Underdevelopment
Cysts
Hollow cavities filled with fluid.
the main or other bronchus or trachea communicates with the esophagus.
Atelectasis
Collapse of the whole or part of a lung from obstruction of a bronchus.
The dilatation of the bronchus.
Inflammation of the bronchus.
Inflammation of trachea and bronchi.
Inflammation of the larynx.
Inflammation of the lung.
Inflammation of part of a lobe or segment.
Inflammation of one or more lobes by a specific microorganism.
Inflammation due to virus.
Inflammation of the pleura.
Fluid in the pleural cavity.
Pus in the pleural cavity.
Blood in the pleural cavity.
Air in the pleural cavity.
Fluid walled off in a part of the pleural cavity.
An opening is made into the trachea in the neck anteriorly so the air may pass into the lungs.
One of the pulmonary lobes is removed.
An entire lung is removed.
A lung segment is removed.
The ribs are cut through in several places and flattened in order to cause collapse of a lung.
Insertion of a hollow needle through the chest wall into the pleural cavity to remove air or fluid.
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