electrical energy

actually kms

What is electricity?

Electricity is the flow of electric charge that powers various devices and systems through circuits.

What are switches for ?

An open switch creates a gap in the circuit, preventing the current from flowing. A closed switch allows electrons to flow around the whole circuit, carrying electrical energy to all parts of the circuit. When the switch is closed, the circuit is known to be complete/closed.

Why are metals useful for electrical energy transfer?

All metals usually have a regular arrangement of atoms that are packed tightly together. Each atom provides one or more valence electrons that are free to move through the metal.

direction of electrical energy

Electrons from the negative terminal of a power supply go through the metal to go to the positive terminal.

why do current only flow in closed circuits?

Electrons need a complete, uninterrupted pathway linking both terminals of the power source. Open circuits have a gap through which electrons cannot flow.

What is a current?

A current is the flow of charged particles (usually electrons) through a conductor (usually metal). Each electron that flows around the circuit has a small amount of charge, and the amount of charge that passes a certain point per second is a current. Current is measured in amperes. The symbol for amps is ‘A’. The measuring instrument for the current is an ammeter. This ammeter will always be connected in series with the component to measure the current.

what symbol is this

bulb

what symbol is this

wire

what symbol is this

cell

what symbol is this

ammeter

what symbol is this

voltmeter

what symbol is this

fuse

what symbol is this

open switch

what symbol is this

closed switch

what symbol is this

resistor

draw the power supply symbol

idk why google won’t show up with the scipad one but it should look like two ends with a positive sign on the left and a negative sign on the right.

just watch for those signs and you’ll know it’s a power supply

what symbol is this

battery
it’s literally just a bunch of cells.

series circuit

All the components are connected one after the other. There is only ONE path for the current to take between any two points in the circuit. If one of the bulbs in the circuit fails (breaks), then the current in ALL the bulbs will STOP.

draw a series circuit (just have a general idea)

smth like this

parallel circuits

the components in the circuit are parallel to each other. The current has different paths to take around the circuit. If one bulb fails, the other two still have a current through them and will still glow.

draw a parallel circuit

smth like this