Lecture12:Asexual Cell Reproduction

Flashcards covering vocabulary and key concepts related to asexual cell reproduction, the eukaryotic cell cycle, and related topics.

Asexual Reproduction

Cell division resulting in identical daughter cells with the same genetic information.

Sexual Reproduction

Reproduction involving the fusion of sperm and egg.

Asexual Reproduction Importance

Growth and development from a single zygote.

Tissue Renewal and Repair

Replacing damaged or old cells with new ones.

Bacterial Chromosome

Circular structure containing the genetic material in bacteria.

Origin of Replication

The point where DNA replication starts in bacteria.

Binary Fission

Process where cells split into two identical daughter cells.

Mitotic Phase

Cell division in eukaryotes, including mitosis and cytokinesis.

Interphase

Phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle including G1, S, and G2 phases.

Mitosis

Division of the nucleus and genetic material.

Cytokinesis

Division of the cytoplasm or the rest of the cell.

S Phase

Phase where DNA synthesis occurs, resulting in identical copies of DNA.

G1 and G2 Phases

Gap phases before and after S phase to prepare for cell division.

G0 Phase

Phase where cells stay if they do not divide, performing their cell function.

Checkpoints

Control points in the cell cycle to ensure proper division.

Epidermal Growth Factor

External signal for the G1 to S phase checkpoint allowing the cell cycle to proceed.

Cancer Cells

Uncontrolled growth due to mutations in the signaling pathway.

P53 Tumor Suppressor

Protein that guards against cells with DNA damage and abnormalities.

Apoptosis

Programmed cell death to eliminate damaged cells.

Nucleolus

Where ribosomes are synthesized within the nucleus.

Centrosomes

Microtubule organizing centers that help organize and separate chromosomes during cell division.

Microtubules

Protein cables made of tubulin that have a role in cell division.