Tides

What were three questions for Newtons Equilibrium theory of the tides?

1. Why are there 2 high tides per day (in most places)

2. Why do high tides occur 12 hours and 25 mins apart

3. Why is tidal range correlated with phase of the moon

What is the equation for gravitation attraction (F_g)?

F_g= GM_eM_m / R²_em

G is gravitational constant

Me is mass of earth

Mm is mass of moon

Rem is earth-moon distance

What does the equation for gravitation attraction say?

It says that the strength of gravity depends on the mass of the bodies (bodies with mass exert gravitational attraction)

What do tides arise from?

The gravitational attraction between two bodies (Earth and moon)

What does magnitude depend on?

Product of masses

What is magnitude inversely proportional to?

The square of separation distance (if you double the distance between 2 objects then the force of gravity is going to go down by a factor of 4)

Is there a linear or non-linear dependence on separation distance between earth and moon?

Non-linear

Which side of the earth experiences a greater attraction and less attraction?

The side nearest to the moon experiences a greater gravitational attraction. While the side farthest from the moon experiences less attraction

What can be predicted based on what side of the earth experiences a greater attraction versus less attraction? Is this how tides work?

Water is drawn to side of earth nearest to the moon. High tide on side of earth nearest the moon and low tide on side of earth farthest from moon. However this is not how tides work

What do we need to consider when it comes to tides?

Need to consider net force on ocean

What is the berry center? Where is it located?

It is the point around which the earth and the moon rotate and it is located in the earth because it is massive.

What counteracts the pull of gravity? Is it equal to the average gravitational force?

Centrifugal force and yes it is

What is tide-producing force?

It is the vector sum/ net force of gravitational force and centrifugal force

How do you draw a vector?

1. Draw first vector

2. Attach tail of second vector to head of first vector

3. Draw vector from tail of first to head of second

Describe tide-producing force results and is this why there are high and low tides?

There is net force toward the moon on the side of earth nearest to the moon (one high tide). Net force away from moon on side of earth farthest from the moon (second high tide)

Describe where the two tidal bulges are? Why do we have two high tides a day?

One bulge is pulled toward moon (side of earth nearest the moon) because gravitational attraction is a little stronger than centrifugal force. Another bulge is spun away from the moon (side of earth farthest from the moon) because gravitational attraction is a little weaker than the centrifugal force. High tides occur when spot on earth rotates under the tidal bulges