WEEK 14 AUTOMATION

AUTOMATION

The process whereby an analytical instrument performs many tests with only minimal involvement of an analyst

Controlled operation of an apparatus, process, or system by mechanical or electronic devices without human intervention

BATCH TESTING

All samples are loaded at the same time, and a single test is conducted on each sample  (Only one test for multiple sample)

PARALLEL TESTING

More than one test is analyzed concurrently on a given clinical specimen (multiple test only on a single sample)

Roche Cabas 6000

instrument for parallel testing

SEQUENTIAL TESTING

Multiple tests analyzed one after another on a given specimen

Random Access Testing

Any test can be performed on any sample in any sequence

A type of testing which any specimen is analyzed by any available process in or out of sequence with other specimens and without regard to their initial order

OPEN REAGENT SYSTEM

A system other than manufacturer’s reagents can be utilized for measurement ; budget friendly.

CLOSE REAGENT SYSTEM

A system where the operator can only use the manufacturer’s reagents ; costly but ensured quality control.

CARRY OVER

The transport of a quantity of analyte or reagent from one specimen reaction into and contaminating a subsequent one

continuous flow

centrifugal analyzer

discrete analyzer

WHAT IS THE 3 BASIC APPROACHES TO AUTOMATION

batch analysis

All three can use ________ (large numbers of specimen in one run)

DISCREET ANALYZERS

CAN OFFER THE RANDOM ACCESS, OR STAT, CAPABILITIES

CONTINUOUS FLOW ANALYZER

is a device used to analyze samples continuously as they flow through a system

IT USE TO NEED TO RUN MANY SAMPLE REQUIRING THE SAME PROCEDURE

reagents,

diluents,

samples

LIQUID IN CONTINUOUS FLOW ANALYZER are pumped through a system of continuous tubing.

sequential manner

Samples are introduced in a _____________, following each other through the same network

separating and cleaning media

A series of air bubbles at regular intervals serve as?

CENTRIFUGAL ANALYZER

uses the force generated by centrifugation to transfer and then contain liquids in separate cuvettes for measurement at the perimeter of a spinning rotor

are most capable of running multiple samples, one testat a time, in a batch. Batch analysis is their major advantage because reactions in all cuvettes are read virtually simultaneously

DISCRETE ANALYZER

is the separation of each sample and accompanying reagents in a separate container

have the capability of running multiple tests one sample at a time or multiple samples one test at a time.

DISCRETE ANALYZER

They are the most popular and versatile analyzers and have almost completely replaced continuous-flow and centrifugal analyzers

Beckman Coulfer aces800

INTRUMENT THAT USE IN DISCRETE ANALYZER