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29 Terms

1

What are the physical properties mentioned in the notes?

Boiling/melting point and density.

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2

What are some examples of chemical properties?

Rusting, reactivity, and toxicity.

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3

What is evidence of chemical changes?

Evolution of gas, change in temperature, formation of solid, color change of indicator.

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4

What are extensive properties?

Properties that depend on the amount of substance, such as mass and volume.

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5

What are intensive properties?

Properties that do not depend on the amount of substance, such as melting point, boiling point, and density.

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6

What unit is used for volume?

Liter (L).

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7

What unit is used for mass?

Kilogram (kg).

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8

What unit is used for length?

Meter (m).

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9

What unit is used for amount of substance?

Mole.

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10

What is the absolute zero temperature in Kelvin?

0 K.

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11

What is the relationship between Celsius and Kelvin?

Celsius = Kelvin - 273.15.

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12

What are isotopes?

Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

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13

What does the formula A = Z + N represent?

Mass number A equals the number of protons Z plus the number of neutrons N.

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14

What are the characteristics of metals?

Shiny, malleable, ductile, good conductors, lose electrons easily.

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15

What are nonmetals characteristics?

Brittle, not good conductors, gain electrons easily.

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16

What group are noble gases in on the periodic table?

Group 18 (8A).

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17

What group do alkali metals belong to?

Group 1 (1A).

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18

What are transition metals?

Elements found in groups 3-12 of the periodic table.

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19

What is a molecular formula?

It shows the number of atoms in a molecule.

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20

What is an empirical formula?

A simplified version of the molecular formula in the smallest ratio.

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21

What is a structural formula?

A line diagram of a molecule indicating the connectivity of atoms.

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22

Define covalent bonding.

The sharing of electrons between nonmetals.

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23

What is ionic bonding?

The electrostatic attraction between ions, such as Na+ and Cl-.

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24

What are the characteristics of ionic compounds?

High melting and boiling points, solid at room temperature, crystalline structure, conduct electricity when molten or dissolved, hard and brittle.

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25

What is the formula for calculating moles?

Moles = mass / molar mass.

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26

What is Avogadro's number?

6.022 x 10^23.

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27

What is the ideal gas constant R?

R = 0.0821 L·atm/(K·mol).

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28

What is tera in scientific notation?

10^12.

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29

What is the formula to convert Fahrenheit to Celsius?

C = (F - 32) * (5/9).

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