Untitled Flashcards Set

What are the physical properties mentioned in the notes?

Boiling/melting point and density.

What are some examples of chemical properties?

Rusting, reactivity, and toxicity.

What is evidence of chemical changes?

Evolution of gas, change in temperature, formation of solid, color change of indicator.

What are extensive properties?

Properties that depend on the amount of substance, such as mass and volume.

What are intensive properties?

Properties that do not depend on the amount of substance, such as melting point, boiling point, and density.

What unit is used for volume?

Liter (L).

What unit is used for mass?

Kilogram (kg).

What unit is used for length?

Meter (m).

What unit is used for amount of substance?

Mole.

What is the absolute zero temperature in Kelvin?

0 K.

What is the relationship between Celsius and Kelvin?

Celsius = Kelvin - 273.15.

What are isotopes?

Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

What does the formula A = Z + N represent?

Mass number A equals the number of protons Z plus the number of neutrons N.

What are the characteristics of metals?

Shiny, malleable, ductile, good conductors, lose electrons easily.

What are nonmetals characteristics?

Brittle, not good conductors, gain electrons easily.

What group are noble gases in on the periodic table?

Group 18 (8A).

What group do alkali metals belong to?

Group 1 (1A).

What are transition metals?

Elements found in groups 3-12 of the periodic table.

What is a molecular formula?

It shows the number of atoms in a molecule.

What is an empirical formula?

A simplified version of the molecular formula in the smallest ratio.

What is a structural formula?

A line diagram of a molecule indicating the connectivity of atoms.

Define covalent bonding.

The sharing of electrons between nonmetals.

What is ionic bonding?

The electrostatic attraction between ions, such as Na+ and Cl-.

What are the characteristics of ionic compounds?

High melting and boiling points, solid at room temperature, crystalline structure, conduct electricity when molten or dissolved, hard and brittle.

What is the formula for calculating moles?

Moles = mass / molar mass.

What is Avogadro's number?

6.022 x 10^23.

What is the ideal gas constant R?

R = 0.0821 L·atm/(K·mol).

What is tera in scientific notation?

10^12.

What is the formula to convert Fahrenheit to Celsius?

C = (F - 32) * (5/9).