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On what day did Pearl Harbor occur on?
December 7, 1941
Japan withdrew from
League of Nations
China incident
Japan invaded China, continued territorial expansion
Panay Incident
USS Panay protects oil ships in China, attacked by Japan, 2 Am killed, 43 wounded, apologizes & pays damages
Japan perceives U.S. as a direct threat because
Only country that could stop them from building a Pacific Empire
America in the Great War
unprepared, took a year to contribute
When war breaks out in Europe, US...
remained neutral, isolationism
Selective training & Service Act
1st peacetime draft in nation's history
Adm. Isoroku Yamamoto
Japanese admiral that planned the Pearl Harbor attack, trains his forces, finalizes the plan
Hideki Tojo
becomes militaristic Prime Minister (Pro-war)
What did US and Japan try at first?
diplomatic approach to avoid war
During the first wave at Pearl Harbor..
Ships on Battleship Row are under torpedo attack
What does "TORA TORA TORA" mean?
indicates success, message to Japanese Navy
During the second wave at Pearl Harbor..
attack order, high
How many people were killed at Pearl Harbor?
2,403
How many people were wounded at Pearl Harbor?
1,178
U.S.S. Nevada
made a run from Battleship Row during the Pearl Harbor attack, but was sunk, it was salvaged and later served as a bombardment ship.
U.S.S. California
hit by two Japanese torpedoes, crew abandoned the damaged ship as burning oil drifts down on the ship, salvaged and reconstructed
U.S.S. Oklahoma
US battleship sunk during Pearl Harbor, turning over in the harbor 429 servicemen lost their lives.
U.S.S. Arizona
hit by bombs and forward magazines exploded, sank in 9 minutes with 1177 crew aboard, stands as the memorial to Pearl Harbor
U.S.S. West Virginia
workers located 70 bodies of sailors who had been trapped below when the ship sank, was repaired
U.S.S. Tennessee
was hit by two bombs, disabled second and third gun turrets, no further serious damage, set on fire from USS Arizona's explosion
U.S.S. Maryland
hit by two bombs, caused light damage and some flooding forward, 4 killed, was repaired
U.S.S. Pennsylvania
was in the dry dock, slightly damaged
Why was the depression so hard on Japan?
Import nearly all of their resources, other countries raised their tariffs, making things worse
What did the military leaders of Japan belief was necessary for Japan to prosper?
Seizing territory to get resources
Rape of Nanking
Japan defeated the Chinese city of Nanking, Chinese civilians were killed
Nye committee
arms factories made huge profits, in war to make money
What did Americans believe about the Nye committee?
U.S. was tricked into war by arms manufacturers and this document led to them believing it even more
Neutrality Act of 1935
Made it illegal for Americans to sell arms to any country at war
Neutrality Act of 1936
Extended the ban on arms sales imposed by the Neutrality Act of 1935, also banned loans to nations at war
Neutrality Act of 1937
Continuing the ban on selling arms to warring nations, buying all nonmilitary supplies from the U.S. on a "cashandcarry" basis, countries had to send their own ships to pick up goods and pay in cash
Neutrality Act of 1939
only on a "cashandcarry" basis, wanted to help Britain & France, asked Congress to revise the neutrality laws to allow the sale of weapons to warring nations
How did FDR work around the Neutrality Acts to aid allies?
revised the act, developed the hemispheric defense zone, the U.S. Navy patrol the western Atlantic and reveal the location of German submarines to the British
Why did Italy invade Abyssinia (Ethiopia)?
Mussolini ordered the Italian military to invade Ethiopia, he knew the U.S. couldn't help them from the act
What is the significance of the Spanish Civil War in leading to WW2?
first clash between the forces of fascism and the forces of western democracy, fear another world war was coming
Axis Powers countries:
Germany, Japan, Italy
Who is Winston Churchill?
The Prime minister of the United Kingdom
Lend
Lease Act
What actions did FDR take against Japan to stop their aggression in the Pacific?
Restrict sales of strategic materials, lend
How did FDR's effort to help Britain fight Germany result in Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor?
efforts to help Britain fight Germany resulted in Japan's decision to attack, due to lack of resources, planned to attack Dutch & British, philippines (US), Am. fleet at Pearl Harbor
Why was Hawaii not considered a viable attack option?
it's great distance from Japan, officials doubted that Japan would attack Hawaii
Why did Hitler want Japan to attack the US?
so that the majority of U.S. forces would be sent to the Pacific front
What did Hitler hope would happen?
for Japanese support against the Soviet Union after they had defeated the Americans