Canadian Immigration: Comprehensive Study Notes

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19 Terms

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Immigration

The process of people entering Canada to live permanently.

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Emigration

Leaving one's home country to settle elsewhere.

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Push Factors

Reasons for leaving home country, including economic challenges, political persecution, and natural disasters.

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Pull Factors

Reasons for choosing Canada, such as opportunities, safety, and better quality of life.

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Economic Impacts of Immigration

Benefits include workforce diversity and economic growth; challenges include language barriers and potential job recognition issues.

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Political Implications of Immigration

Benefits include providing a safe haven; challenges include potential social division and risk of discrimination.

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Health Considerations in Immigration

Benefits include access to healthcare; challenges include longer wait times and cultural practice differences.

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Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (2002)

The legal framework governing immigration categories such as refugees, economic immigrants, and family class.

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Points System (Established 1967)

A qualification criteria for economic immigrants evaluating skills, education, and professional capabilities.

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Disqualifying Health Conditions for Immigration

Include communicable diseases, conditions risking public safety, and excessive healthcare demand.

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Historical Context of Immigration Policies

Pre-1985 policies were racially discriminatory; post-1985 policies promote multiculturalism and equality.

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Refugee Policy Evolution

Includes milestones such as the signing of the UN Refugee Convention in 1951 and the establishment of a consistent refugee immigration category in 1976.

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Multicultural Perspective

Canada is recognized as a diverse, immigrant-welcoming nation, emphasizing mutual integration and societal contribution.

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What are the key benefits of immigration for Canada's economy?

Benefits include workforce diversity, the ability to fill labor shortages, and economic growth.

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What major challenges does immigration pose concerning healthcare in Canada?

Challenges include longer wait times and cultural differences in medical practices.

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What objectives does the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (2002) aim to achieve?

Pursue social, cultural, and economic benefits, respect multiculturalism, and promote immigrant integration.

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What are push factors in the context of migration?

Reasons that compel individuals to leave their home country due to economic or social challenges.

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What is a key implication of providing a safe haven for refugees?

Demonstrates Canada's international humanitarian commitment.

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What significant change occurred in Canadian immigration policies post-1985?

The Charter of Rights and Freedoms protects all individuals, leading to a merit-based, skill-oriented approach to immigration.