Cells and Cell theory

What are the three rules of cell theory?

What are the three rules of cell theory?

1. All organisms are made of one or more cell

2. Cells are the smallest unit of life

3. All cells come from pre-existing cells

What are the three structures common to all cells? And what are there main functions?

• nucleus (contains all genetic material of cells)

• Cytoplasm (controls what goes in and out of the cell)

• Cell membrane (where chemical reactions take place)

What are the three exceptions to the cell theory?

• muscle cells

• Giant algae

• Asceptate fungi

What are the features of all living organisms

Acronym: MRS.GREN

• Metabolism

• Response

• Stable internal environment (homeostasis)

• Growth

• Reproduction

• Excretion

• Nutrition

Why are viruses considered non living organisms?

• they rely on other organisms to survive

What are the two types of microscopes?

• Light microscope

• Electrons microscope

How do the two types of microscopes function?

• the light microscope emits light onto the specimen

• The electron microscope fires electrons onto the specimen

Compare the two types of microscopes.

• Light Microscope:

  -Inexpensive

  -Simple to use

  -the specimen may be dead or alive

  -Magnifies 2000x

  -the specimen is easily prepped

  -200nm resolution

• Electron Microscope:

  -Expensive

  -complex

  -specimen must be dead

  -magnifies 500,000x

  -1nm resolution

What are the two ways in which the specimen is prepped when using a light microscope?

• fluorescent dye

• immunoflourescence

Explain how immunoflourescence is used in prepping a specimen when using a light microscope?

• flouraphor is attached to antibodies specific for antigens, when a certain wavelength of light us shined on the fluorescencetag the tag will emit light of a different wavelength which will shine

Explain how florescent dye is used in prepping a specimen when using a light microscope?

• the fluorescent dye is placed onto certain structure of the specimen and these labeled structures will appear as brightly colored spots

What are the two ways in which the specimen is prepped when using a light microscope?

• Freeze fracture microscopy

• Cryogenic electron

Explain how freeze fracture microscopy is used in prepping a specimen when using an electron microscope?

• freeze the sample/specimen then use a special tool to break the samples into small pieces and then view these pieces under the microscope

Explain how cryogenic electron is used in prepping a specimen when using an electron microscope?

• C