Biochemistry Lecture Notes Review

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from the lecture notes on biochemistry.

Biochemistry

The study of matter and the changes it undergoes pertaining to life.

Domains of Life

Categories highlighted by a phylogenetic tree defined by organismal, cellular, and molecular differences.

Phototrophs

Organisms that use light energy as their energy source.

Chemotrophs

Organisms that use fuels as their energy source.

Autotrophs

Organisms that use inorganic material as a carbon source.

Heterotrophs

Organisms that rely on other organisms for carbon.

Essential Elements

Elements like Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen that are crucial for life.

Covalent Bond

A chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.

Central Dogma

The flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to Protein.

Endosymbiosis

Theory that explains the evolution of eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic organisms through symbiosis.

Emergence of Life

The formation of complex biomolecules and the initiation of biological systems from abiotic conditions.

Macromolecules

Large complex molecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, and lipids made from smaller units.

Biomolecular Dimensions

The measurement of biomolecules typically given in daltons (mass) and nanometers (length).