Solutions and Solubility

These flashcards cover key terms and definitions related to solutions and solubility as discussed in the lecture.

Solution

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances where the solute is evenly distributed in the solvent.

Solute

The component of a solution that is present in a smaller amount and can be a liquid, gas, or solid, spreading evenly throughout the solution.

Solvent

The component of a solution present in a larger amount that dissolves the solute.

Hydration

The process where water molecules surround and interact with solute ions, such as Na+ and Cl- in NaCl.

Like Dissolves Like

The principle that solutions form when the solute and solvent have similar polarities.

Ionic Solute

Solute that consists of ions which dissolve in polar solvents like water.

Polar Molecule

A molecule that has a partial positive charge on one side and a partial negative charge on the other side, like water.

Evaporation

A process that can be used to separate solutes from solvents in a solution, unlike filtration.

Example of a Gas in a Liquid Solution

Soda water, where carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in liquid water.

Example of a Solid in a Liquid Solution

Sea water, where solid sodium chloride (NaCl) is dissolved in liquid water.