International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)

p

voiceless bilabial plosive

b

voiced bilabial plosive

t

voiceless alveolar plosive

d

voiced alveolar plosive

k

voiceless velar plosive

g

voiced velar plosive

ʔ

glottal plosive

m

voiced bilabial nasal

ɱ

voiced labiodental nasal

n

voiced alveolar nasal

ŋ

voiced velar nasal

r

voiced alveolar trill

ɾ

voiced alveolar flap

f

voiceless labiodental fricative

v

voiced labiodental fricative

θ

voiceless dental fricative

ð

voiced dental fricative

s

voiceless alveolar fricative

z

voiced alveolar fricative

ʃ

voiceless postalveolar fricative

ʒ

voiced postalveolar fricative

ɣ

voiced velar fricative

ʕ

voiced pharyngeal fricative

h

voiceless glottal fricative

ɹ

voiced alveolar approximant

J

voiced palatal approximant

l

voiced alveolar lateral approximant

ʘ

bilabial click

ǀ

dental click

!

post alveolar click

ǂ

palatal alveolar click

ǁ

alveolar lateral

ɓ

bilabial voiced implosive

ɗ

dental/alveolar voiced implosive

ʄ

palatal voiced implosive

ɠ

velar voiced implosive

ʛ

uvular voiced imposive

pʼ

bilabial ejective

tʼ

dental/alveolar ejective

kʼ

velar ejective

sʼ

alveolar fricative

ʈ

voiceless retroflex plosive

ɖ

voiced retroflex plosive

c

voiceless palatal plosive

ɟ

voiced palatal plosive

q

voiceless uvular plosive

ɢ

voiced uvular plosive

ɳ

voiced retroflex nasal

ɲ

voiced palatal nasal

ɴ

voiced uvular nasal

ʙ

voiced bilabial trill

ʀ

voiced uvular trill

ѵ

voiced labiodental flap

ɽ

voiced retroflex flap

ɸ

voiceless bilabial fricative

β

voiced bilabial fricative

ʂ

voiceless retroflex fricative

ʐ

voiced retroflex fricative

ç

voiceless palatal fricative

ʝ

voiced palatal fricative

x

voiceless velar fricative

χ

voiceless velar fricative

ʁ

voiced velar fricative

ħ

voiceless pharyngeal fricative

ɦ

voiced glottal fricative

ɬ

voiceless alveolar lateral fricative

ɮ

voiced alveolar lateral fricative

ʋ

voiced labiodental approximant

ɻ

voiced retroflex approximant

ɰ

voiced velar approximant

ɭ

voiced retroflex lateral approximant

ʎ

voiced palatal lateral approximant

ʟ

voiced velar lateral approximant

ʍ

voiceless labial-velar fricative

w

voiced labial-velar approximant

ɥ

voiced labial-palatal approximant

ʜ

voiceless epiglottal fricative

ʢ

voiced epiglottal fricative

ʡ

epiglottal plosive

ɕ

voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative

ʑ

voiced alveolo-palatal fricative

ɺ

alveolar lateral flap

ɧ

voiceless "palatal-velar" fricative

ɫ

velarized alveolar lateral approximant ("dark L")

ʦ

voiceless alveolar affricate

ʣ

voiced alveolar affricate

ʧ

voiceless postalveolar affricate

ʤ

voiced postalveolar affricate

ʨ

voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate

ʥ

voiced alveolo palatal affricate

t͡ɬ

voiceless alveolar lateral affricate

k͡p

voiceless labio-velar plosive

ɡ͡b

voiced labio-velar plosive

ŋ͡m

labial-velar nasal stop

i

close front unrounded

y

close front rounded

e

close-mid front unrounded

ɪ

near-close near-front unrounded

ʏ

near-close near-front rounded

ø

close-mid front rounded