Synovial Joints and Their Characteristics

Flashcards covering synovial joints, their types, structures, and related ligaments, as well as key concepts from the lecture notes.

Gliding/Planar joints are characterized by faces and allow for motion.

Flattened or slightly curved; limited, nonaxial motion.

Hinge joints allow angular motion in a plane, also known as motion.

Single; monaxial.

Pivot joints allow for movement only, with occurring at the atlas and axis.

Rotational; pure rotation.

Condylar (Ellipsoid) joints have an oval articular face within a __, allowing for __ movement.

Depression; biaxial.

Saddle joints permit movement but inhibit , featuring two concave faces.

Angular; rotation.

Ball-and-socket joints provide movement, allowing for .

Triaxial; circumduction.

Intervertebral discs are composed of and , allowing for movement between vertebrae.

Fibrocartilage; anulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus.

Damage to intervertebral discs can result in a __ disc, which may compress spinal nerves.

Herniated.

The ligaments that stabilize the vertebral column include the and longitudinal ligaments.

Anterior; posterior.

The shoulder joint is also known as the __ joint, which has the highest mobility and the least stability.

Glenohumeral.

The elbow joint is classified as a __ hinge joint involving the humeroulnar and humeroradial joints.

Diarthrotic.

The knee joint is a diarthrotic joint that transfers weight from the to the tibia.

Hinge; femur.

The fibrous cartilage pads at the femur-tibia joints are referred to as and menisci.

Medial; lateral.

Key ligaments that stabilize the knee joint include the and cruciate ligaments.

Anterior; posterior.

In the hip joint, the ligament reinforces joint stability.

Iliofemoral.

The acetabular labrum is a type of __ that deepens the socket of the hip joint.

Fibrocartilage.