Theology

Second Vatican Council date

1962-1965

Second Vatican Council popes

Pope John XXIII, Pope Paul VI

Second Vatican Council attendants

2500 bishops, theological experts, other officials & observers from around the world

Second Vatican Council place

St Peter's Basilica in Rome

Second Vatican Council documents number

16

Second Vatican Council documents topic

Nostra Aetate - Church's relations to non Christian religions

Second Vatican Council seen as

means of spiritual renewal, for the first time the Catholic Church became more open to non-Christian religions

Second Vatican Council modernization

liturgy, lay ministry, religious orders, Christian Unity

Second Vatican Council liturgy

local language, priests face congregation, more active participation

Second Vatican Council lay ministry

lay people serve as Eucharistic Ministers, acknowledges lay people's roles

Second Vatican Council religious orders

Nuns adopt less formal clothing

Second Vatican Council Christian unity

Protestant and Eastern Orthodox leaders observe the Council, increased prayer and dialogue in church

2 methods for studying world religions

comparative methodology, empathy

comparative methodology

a way of comparing and contrasting aspects of different religions to gain a better understanding of all religions, including our own

empathy

putting yourself in someone else's shoes to understand their situation and their religious experiences

7 dimensions of religion

doctrine, experience, myths, material, ethics, rituals, social

examples from Hinduism & Buddhism of Doctrine

Bhagavad Gita (Hinduism), Four Noble Truths (Buddhism)

examples from Hinduism & Buddhism of experience

prayer, meditation, Eightfold Path (Buddhism), pilgrimage

examples from Hinduism of Myths

Deities

examples from Hinduism & Buddhism of Material

temples

examples from Hinduism & Buddhism of ethics

Dharma in both

examples from Buddhism & indigenous of rituals

Sand mandala (Buddhism), sun dance (indigenous), vision quest (indigenous)

examples from Hinduism & Buddhism of social

Buddhist community Sangha, Hindu prayer time together in temples, celebration of Diwali in Hinduism

Hinduism - ground of existence and divine essence of the universe

Brahman

Hindusim - the eternal self

atman

Hindiusm - doctrine that says all reality is one

monism, all rivers, lakes, and even drops of water share a common essence, origin, and return point (analogy)

Hinduism - four stages of life

student, householder, forest dweller, wandering ascetic

Hinduism - householder

pursuing a career and family life

Hinduism - forest dweller

person retreats from society in order to engage in a spiritual quest

Hinduism - wandering ascetic

person returns to society but remains detached from the distractions of a social life

Hinduism - 3 paths to liberation

the path of knowledge, the path of works, the path of devotion

Hinduism - path of knowledge

for those who prefer to study sacred scripture

Hinduism - path of works

for those who prefer active life

Hinduism - path of devotion

for those who prefer worship

wheel of rebirth

samsara

karma

moral law of cause and effect of actions which helps determine how someone is reincarnated

dharma

ethical duty which provides a standard by which to judge the rightness or wrongness of actions

Hinduism - classes in caste system

priests, warriors/administrators, producers (farmers, merchants, artisans), servants & laborers

Hinduism - goals of life

pleasure within the limits of Dharma, material success, harmony with the ethical codes of Dharma

Hinduism - 3 schools of Hindu philosophy

vedanta, yoga, sankhya

Hinduism - vedanta

emphasizes that all reality is essentially one (Brahman)

Hinduism - Yoga

emphasizes psychological and physical practices and freeing the eternal self from the bondage of human form

Hinduism - Sankhya

emphasizes that all reality is comprised of 2 things, matter and an infinite number of eternal selves

2 main characters in the Bhagavad Gita

Krishna, incarnation of a deity who teaches Arjuna about many important religious issues

Arjuna, warrior who learns about religious issues from Krishna

three jewels of Buddhism

Buddha, dharma, Sangha

When did Gautama discover the Four Noble Truths

observed his previous lifetimes, acquired the ability to perceive the deaths and rebirths of all living beings

both Hindus and Buddhists believe

the universe is eternal, many worlds exist, samsara can be escaped through liberation

the Buddha dismissed the Hindu beliefs of

brahman and atman, caste system, sacrificial rituals

Buddhism - Nirvana

"blowing out", implies that all selfish desire has been extinguished leading to freedom from samsara

Buddhism - 4 passing sights

old man, diseased man, corpse, religious ascetic

Buddhism - 4 passing sights significance

led Gautama to give up his life of power and sensual enjoyment for the austere (simple) life which led to enlightenment

Buddhism - doctrine of the Middle Way

neither a life of sensual indulgence nor extreme asceticism will lead to salvation, contentment is a good thing

Buddhism - Four Noble Truths

to live is to suffer, suffering is caused by desire, suffering can be brought to cessation, the solution is the Eightfold Path

Buddhism - steps of Eightfold Path

Right views, intent, speech, conduct, livelihood, effort, mindfulness

vegas is super cool, like, endless money

difference between the Buddha and other humans who attain enlightenment

Buddha didn't require a model to provide teachings to lead him to enlightenment as others do