Akshara Science Test 10/26 v2
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21 Terms
Cell Cycle
The sequence of events in a cell’s life, including growth and division.
Interphase
The cell grows, performs normal functions, and prepares to divide by copying DNA and organelles; cells spend about 90% of their life here.
Mitosis
The process where the nucleus divides into two identical sets of DNA, producing two identical daughter cells.
Cytokinesis
The cytoplasm divides, forming two separate daughter cells.
Chromosomes
Threadlike structures made of tightly packed DNA containing genetic information; humans have 23 pairs.
Prophase
Chromosomes condense and become visible.
Metaphase
Chromosomes line up along the cell’s center, and centromeres attach to spindle fibers
Anaphase
Spindle fibers pull sister chromatids to opposite sides of the cell.
Telophase
Nuclear membranes form around each set of chromosomes; chromosomes unwind and the cell membrane begins to pinch in half.
Cytokinesis (Plants)
A cell plate forms across the middle of the cell, serving as the base for a new cell wall.
Why do Cells Divide?
To grow, repair or replace old cells, and reproduce.
Cell Division
The process where a cell replicates itself to create an exact copy.
What is the structure of a chromosome during mitosis?
DNA packed into a condensed X-shape during mitosis.
Human Genome
The complete set of 23 chromosome pairs that carry all genetic information.
Cancer
Uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in the body.
Zygote Division
The zygote divides repeatedly to form a ball of cells during early development.
Cell Replacement
Different types of cells divide at different rates to replace old or damaged cells.
What are the 4 stages of Mitosis?
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
What are the three main stages of the cell cycle?
Interphase, Mitosis, and Cytokinesis.
What does it mean for a cell to divide?
The cell replicates itself to create an exact copy.
Do all cells divide at the same rate?
No, different cell types divide at different rates depending on their function.
Note 
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