atomic theory

which subatomic particle has a positive charge

proton

where are protons and neutrons found?

Nucleus

The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of

Proton

which particle has no charge

neutron

which statement best describes electrons

Tiny mass negative charge

The nucleus of an atom is

small dense and positive

The electron cloud

Takes up most of the atom space

what is the mass number?

Protons plus neutrons

how do you calculate the number of neutron

Mass number minus atomic number

carbon -14 has an atomic number of six. How many neutrons does it have?

Eight

isotopes of an element have

Same protons, different neutron

why are isotopes still the same element?

Same atomic charge

A cation is formed when an atom

Lose electrons

which ion is negatively charged?

F -

why is NA+ positive?

it lost an electron

valence electrons are

Outermost electrons

what do valence electrons determine?

Reactivity and bonding

Noble gases are unreactive because they

Have full valence shell

The bohr model shows electrons

in specific energy level

how many electrons fit in the first energy level?

Two

how many electrons fit in the second energy level?

Eight

which wave has the highest energy?

Gamma rays

which has the lowest energy

Radio waves

which visible color has the highest energy

Violet

flame test colors occur between electrons

fall to lower energy levels

when an electron moves up, energy levels it

absorbs energy

when an electron moves down energy level levels it

Releases energy as light

what force holds protons together in the nucleus

Nuclear strong force

Rutherford’s gold experiment showed that atoms are

Mostly empty space