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coup d’état
→ When the military or a group suddenly takes over the government by force.
democratization
→ The process of moving toward a democratic system where people vote and have a say.
dual mandate
→ When a colonial power ruled a territory mainly to benefit itself and claimed it was helping the local people.
Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
→ A group of West African countries that work together on trade, peace, and politics.
Federal Executive Council (FEC)
→ Nigeria’s top group of ministers who help the president run the country.
federal character
→ A rule meant to make sure different regions and ethnic groups are represented fairly in government jobs.
federalism (in Nigeria)
→ A system where power is shared between the national government and state governments.
Hausa-Fulani
→ One of Nigeria’s largest ethnic groups, mainly in the north.
Igbo
→ A major ethnic group in southeastern Nigeria.
import substitution
→ A policy where a country tries to make goods itself instead of importing them.
Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC)
→ The group that organizes and oversees elections in Nigeria.
International Monetary Fund (International Monetary Fund)
→ An international organization that lends money to countries and advises them on their economies.
middle belt
→ A region in central Nigeria where northern and southern cultures overlap.
military rule
→ When the country is governed by the military instead of elected leaders.
Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation)
→ The government-owned company that controls Nigeria’s oil and gas.
parastatal
→ A government-owned or government-controlled organization or company.
patron-client politics (prebendalism)
→ A system where leaders give jobs or money to supporters in exchange for loyalty.
People’s Democratic Party (People’s Democratic Party)
→ One of Nigeria’s major political parties.
Supreme Military Council (SMC)
→ The top decision-making group during periods of military rule.
World Bank (World Bank)
→ An international organization that gives loans and support to help countries develop.
Yoruba
→ One of Nigeria’s largest ethnic groups, mainly in the southwest.
kleptocracy
→ A government where leaders steal public money for themselves.