International Community and Human Rights

Flashcards regarding key concepts related to the International Community, Globalization, Human Rights, and relevant historical and legal terms.

International Community

A collective network of nations, international organizations, and non-state actors that interacts on global issues.

Globalization

The process of increasing interdependence and interaction among countries, influenced by trade, technology, and cultural exchange.

Sovereignty

The authority of a state to govern itself without external interference.

Intergovernmental Organization (IGO)

An organization created by treaty, involving two or more nations, to work together on issues of common interest.

Non-Governmental Organization (NGO)

A non-profit group that operates independently of the government, typically to address social or political issues.

Multinational Corporation (MNC)

A corporation that operates in multiple countries, transcending national boundaries.

Human Rights

Fundamental freedoms and entitlements inherent to all individuals, regardless of nationality, gender, ethnicity, or religion.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)

A milestone document adopted by the UN that enshrines the rights and fundamental freedoms of all human beings.

International Court of Justice (ICJ)

The principal judicial organ of the UN that settles legal disputes between sovereign states.

Security Council

A principal organ of the UN charged with ensuring international peace and security, consisting of five permanent and ten non-permanent members.

Non-Derogable Rights

Human rights that cannot be suspended or restricted, even in times of public emergency.

Civil and Political Rights

Rights that protect individuals' freedoms, such as the right to free speech, assembly, and fair trial.

Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights

Rights that concern the economy, social issues, and cultural participation, such as the right to work and education.

Cultural Relativism

The belief that a person's beliefs and practices should be understood based on that person's own culture.

Treaty of Westphalia

1648 treaties that established the principles of state sovereignty and non-interference in international relations.

Geneva Conventions

A series of treaties that set international legal standards for humanitarian treatment in war.

International Law

A body of rules that governs the relations between states and other entities in the international domain.