Nutrition Revision: Introduction to Nutrients and Carbohydrates

These flashcards cover the essential nutrients, their classifications, food groups, functions, carbohydrate types, and the Glycemic Index.

What are the seven essential nutrients?

Carbohydrates, Protein, Minerals, Fats, Vitamins, Water.

Which nutrients are classified as macronutrients?

Carbohydrates, Protein, Fats, Water.

Which nutrients are classified as micronutrients?

Vitamins, Minerals, Fibre.

What are the five food groups?

Fruits, Vegetables, Grains, Meat and poultry, Dairy.

What are three functions of nutrients found within the food groups?

1. Fruits and vegetables provide vitamins for the immune system. 2. Carbohydrates keep energy levels up. 3. Protein builds muscles and aids growth and repair.

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?

Carbohydrates are the primary source of energy for the body.

List three food sources of carbohydrates.

Pasta, bread, lentils.

What is the difference between complex and simple carbohydrates?

Simple carbs provide fast energy and are found in fruits and lollies; complex carbs take longer to digest and provide stable energy, found in wholegrains and vegetables.

What does the Glycemic Index (GI) measure?

GI measures how fast a food raises glucose levels.

What does it mean if a carbohydrate food has a high GI?

It digests fast, provides quick energy, but may cause a crash later, raising blood sugar quickly.

What does it mean if a carbohydrate food has a low GI?

It raises blood sugar slowly, digests gradually, providing steady energy.

Give an example of a food with high GI, medium GI, and low GI.

High GI: White bread, Medium GI: Brown rice, Low GI: Lentils.