Urinary System & Nephron Parts

homeostasis

The urinary system is the key to…

by excreting water, waste products, and excess electrolytes

How does the urinary system regulate volume, composition, and pH of blood and bodily fluids?

erythropoietin

What do the kidneys secrete that increases production of red blood cells?

kidneys

organ that produces urine

25%

The kidneys receives what % of cardiac output?

ureters

conducts urine to urinary bladder

urinary bladder

organ for urine storage

urethra

passage for urine elimination

because they’re highly vascularized

Why is it important for the kidneys to be protected?

they sit behind the parietal peritoneum tightly against the posterior surface of abdominal cavity

What does it mean that the kidneys are retroperitoneal?

cortex and medulla

two major parts of the kidney

about 6-18

How many lobes are there per kidney?

nephron

functional unit of the kidney

about 1 million

How many nephron are there per kidney?

renal corpuscle + renal tubule

nephron =

cortical

nephrons located in the cortex

juxtamedullary

nephrons located deep in the medulla

85%

Cortical nephrons make up what % of nephrons?

vasa recta

capillaries surrounding the loop only in the medulla are called…

proximal convoluted tubule

most active area of the nephron

collecting duct

joins nephron together and collects tubular fluid from multiple nephrons

papillary duct

end of collecting duct that dumps into the minor calyx

renal corpuscle

site for filteration

afferent arteriole

carries blood to the glomerulus

efferent arteriole

carries blood away from the glomerulus

glomerulus

capillary tuft

fenestrae and filtration slits

What does the glomerular capsule have that allows stuff to flow through and be captured between its two layers?

simple cuboidal epithelium

the convoluted tubules are made of what tissue?