Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
Neutrality Acts
1935-1937; most Americans wanted to avoid involvement in Europe, so Congress passed these acts to ban the sale of weapons to nations at war.
Sudetenland
An area of Czechoslovakia where many German-speaking people lived. Falsely claiming that these people were being persecuted, Hitler announced Germany's right to annex this region.
Appeasement
The practice of giving in to a nation's demands in order to keep peace. Britain and France thought that they could avoid war by accepting Germany's demands for the Sudetenland. (Chamberlain)
Munich Conference
At this conference, the leaders and Britain and France agreed to turn the Sudetenland over to Germany. In return, Hitler promised not to expand Germany's territory. Neville Chamberlain returned to Britain - "peace for our time." However, Hitler did not follow through with the treaty and seized the rest of Czech.
Blitzkrieg
"Lightning war" - machine guns, bombs, thousands of soldiers, planes, quick and fierce.
Allied Powers
Great Britain, France, China, the United States, and Russia
Axis Power
Germany, Italy, and Japan
Battle of Britain
August-October 1940; the British Royal Air Force (RAF) mounted a heroic defense and inflicted heavy losses on the German air force. Hitler ended the air attacks and retreats.
"Cash and carry" basis
1939; this new Neutrality Act allowed the U.S. to sell weapons to other countries with cash only.
Atlantic Charter
August 1941; Roosevelt and Churchill met up and drew out this plan. They set goals for a world after "the final destruction of the Nazi tyranny." They pledged that the people of every nation would be free to choose their own form of government and live free of "fear and want." They also urged disarmament and the creation of a "permanent system of general security."
WACs/WAVES
Women's Army Corps/Women Appointed for Volunteer Emergency Service in the Navy - about 250,000 women served in these units, including the marines, Coast Guard, and army air corps. They performed clerical tasks or worked as nurses.
Mobilization
Military and civilian preparations for war.
Winston Churchill
The British Prime Minister who inspired the British people to endure German attacks (bombing shipyards, industries, cities, neighborhoods, and civilians). "We shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be."
War Production Board
This board supervised the conversion of industries to war production. (Cars to trucks/tanks, etc.)
Office of War Information
This information board promoted patriotism and helped keep Americans united behind the war effort. It broadcast messages all over the world as well.
Rosie the Riveter
A fictional character who encouraged women to take factory jobs as millions of men left to fight in the war.
Bracero program
U.S. labor agents recruited thousands of farm and railroad workers from Mexico. This stimulated emigration from Mexico during the war years.
D-Day Invasion
June 6, 1944; Allied ships landed on the French coast of Normandy. The troops waded to shore while being shot at, but when they got to ground they stormed across, landing over a million troops in a few weeks. The troops pushed through France, liberating Paris on August 25 to the joy of the French.
Battle of Midway
June 1942; the first major Japanese defeat, where four Japanese aircraft carriers and hundreds of airplanes were destroyed.
Battle of Leyte Gulf
October 1944; the biggest naval battle in history; 282 ships took part, and MacArthur fulfilled his promise to return to the Philippines in this battle.
Kamikaze
A group of Japanese suicide pilots sent as a desperate attempt to stop Americans from taking Iwo Jima and Okinawa (in vain).
Potsdam Declaration (Ultimatum)
The Allies issued this warning to the Japanese government that if it didn't surrender, Japan would face "prompt and utter destruction." Truman ordered the use of the bomb when Japan didn't surrender.
Maginot Line
A string of steel-and-concrete bunkers along the German border from Belgium to Switzerland.
Holocaust
Nazis committed genocide against Jewish people of Europe. As many as 6 million Jews died as well as 5-7 million other "undesirable" (Roma/Gypsies, Russian POWS, mentally handicapped)
Lend-Lease Act
US builds arsenal of democracy and supplies Britain on credit.
Nuremberg Laws
Anti-Semitic German laws to prevent Jews from interacting with Germans
Pogrom
organized violence against jews by Nazis. burning synagogues, businesses, schools. Destroying homes and cemeteries of Jews
Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass)
November 9, 1938: Mass violence against Jews in Germany. Symbolic beginning of Holocaust.
Final Solution
Nazi plan to kill all Jews in Europe
Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact
Agreement between Stalin and Hitler that they would not attack each other; each took half of Poland
September 1, 1939
Germany invades Poland
Selective Service Act
Only peacetime draft in United States history
America First Committee
Isolationist organization in the USA
December 7, 1941
Japan attacks Pearl Harbor
Rationing
Limiting of public consumption of vital food and materials. (oil, rubber, meat, sugar. etc. )
Civil Defense
People in USA trained to help in case of an attack on homeland
Tuskegee Airmen
African American bomber escort pilots. Never lose a bomber in 200 missions
Liberty Bonds
Sold by government to fund the war
Code Talkers
Navajo Native Americans who develop communication code from their language to be used in the Pacific theater.
Internment Camps
Japanese Americans were relocated here because they were wrongly suspected of being spies. 112,000 individuals
Erwin Rommel
German commander; Desert Fox
General Patton
Excellent US commander; "Old Blood and Guts"
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Supreme Allied Commander in European Theater
Douglas MacArthur
Supreme Allied Commander in Pacific Theater
Stalingrad
Turning point in Soviet Union; large German force surrounded and eventually surrenders
D-Day - Operation Overlord
Invasion of France at Normandy by USA, Canada and Britain. June 6, 1944
Battle of the Bulge
Last German counter-offensive; Allies pushed back but then regain the "bulge"
Bataan Death March
Japanese have POW's in Philippines walk to camps, nearly 20,000 die on march
Doolittle Raids
US launch Bombers from aircraft carrier (never done before) to drop bombs on mainland Japan in 1942.
Iwo Jima
1945 -Most Marine casualties in any one battle. US takes island and uses to launch aircraft to bomb Japan
Okinawa
Last island taken by US. ; Over 100,000 civilians killed
Manhattan Project
Secret mission to develop atomic bomb
Enola Gay
Name of B 29 Bomber that dropped atomic bomb on Hiroshima
Hiroshima
Atomic bomb dropped August 6, 1945
Nagasaki
Second atomic bomb dropped August 9, 1945
V-J Day
Victory over Japan August 15, 1945
Fascism
Government led by charismatic dictator; fueled by extreme nationalism and racism
Communism
Government in which the government owns all property and production; controls citizens lives through intimidation, violence (purges) and propaganda
Harry S. Truman
Takes over presidency when FDR dies in 1945; Orders atomic bombs to be dropped on Japan
Hideki Tojo
Military leader in Japan
Benito Mussolini
Fascist dictator of Italy
Adolf Hitler
Fascist leader of Germany
Mein Kampf
Hitler's book he wrote in prison; Outlines his plan for the "Master Race" (Germans)
Joseph Stalin
Communist dictator of Soviet Union
Franklin D. Roosevelt
USA president during majority of war; elected 4 times
Neville Chamberlain
Appeased Hitler by agreeing to let Hitler take the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia
Revenue Act of 1942
Raised taxes on wealthy; withheld income tax from paychecks for first time
National War Labor Board
Oversaw the working conditions to avoid work stoppages.