Population Genetics and Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium

Flashcards covering key concepts of population genetics and Hardy Weinberg equilibrium.

A population is: __.

A group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area and interbreed to produce fertile offspring.

The genetic makeup of a population is called the __.

Gene pool.

Microevolution refers to __ changes in a population.

small scale genetic.

Genetic drift is caused by __ events.

chance.

The __ effect occurs when a large population is drastically reduced by a non-selective disaster.

Bottleneck.

The __ effect occurs when a few individuals become isolated from a large population.

Founder.

Gene flow refers to the transfer of alleles __ a population.

into or out of.

Natural selection is measured by relative __.

fitness.

The Hardy Weinberg principle states that the frequencies of alleles and genotypes in a population will remain from generation to generation, provided that only Mendelian segregation and recombination of alleles are at work.

constant.

A population is in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium if there are five conditions: 1. No mutations, 2. Random mating, 3. No natural selection, 4. Extremely large population size, and 5. No __.

gene flow.

Hardy Weinberg equilibrium is often referred to as a __ model of evolution.

null.

The equation p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 represents __ frequencies in a population.

genotype.

If 20% of a population is homozygous recessive, it refers to __ in the Hardy Weinberg equations.

q2.

The Hardy Weinberg equations help determine the genetic makeup of a population if it is __.

not evolving.

A trait that increases an organism's reproductive success is a result of __.

natural selection.

Sexual selection often leads to the evolution of __ traits in males.

showy.

If a few individuals with a specific mutation establish a new population, this is an example of the __ effect.

Founder.

The rare alleles become overrepresented in a small population due to __.

genetic drift.