biology living organisms eukaryotes and prokaryotes 4.1.1.1

eukaryotic organisms

plants, animals, fungi, protoctist

eukaryotic definition

organisms with a nucleus

prokaryotic organism

bacteria

prokaryotic definition

organism without nucleus

are plants multi or unicellular

multicellular

are animals multi or unicellular

multi

are fungi multi or unicellular

both

are bacteria multi or unicellular

unicellular

are protoctist multi or unicellular

mostly unicellular

what do animals contain

cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes

how do animals store carbs

glycogen

what do plants contain

cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, chloroplast, vacuole, mitochondria, ribosomes

How do plants store carbohydrates?

As starch or sucrose

What are plants cell walls made of?

cellulose

describe fungi organisation

They are often organized into a mycelium made from thread-like structures called hyphae which contain many nuclei.

What do fungi contain?

Cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosome, cytoplasm

What are fungi cell walls made of?

chitin

How do fungi store carbohydrates?

glycogen

Name an animal like protoctist

Amoeba

Name a plant like protoctist

Chlorella

Name a pathogenic protoctist

Plasmodium (causes malaria)

what do bacteria contain

cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, plasmids, flagella

what is a virus

a non-living organism, smaller than bacteria, they can only reproduce inside living cells, they are parasitic

examples of bacteria

lactobacillus bulgaricus used for yogurt production (rod shaped), pneumococcus causes pneumonia (spherical shaped)

examples of virus

influenza virus ‘flu’, HIV virus ‘AIDS’, tobacco mosaic virus which discolors tobacco leaves by preventing chloroplast formation

virus structure

it lacks cellular structure but have a protein coat and contain one type of nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA

fungi examples

Mucor, which has the typical fungal hyphal structure, and yeast, which is single-celled

how do fungi feed

they feed by extracellular secretion of digestive enzymes onto food material and absorption of the organic products; this is known as saprotrophic nutrition