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39 Terms

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Prohibition

A nationwide ban on alcohol production and sale in the U.S. from 1920 to 1933, established by the 18th Amendment.

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18th Amendment

The constitutional amendment that enacted Prohibition, leading to the rise of speakeasies and organized crime.

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Jazz

A music genre that emerged in the early 20th century, characterized by improvisation and strong rhythms, heavily influenced by African American culture.

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Louis Armstrong

A pioneering jazz trumpeter and vocalist known for his innovative playing and influential recordings in the 1920s.

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Harlem Renaissance

A cultural, social, and artistic explosion centered in Harlem, New York, during the 1920s, celebrating African American culture.

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Langston Hughes

An influential poet, novelist, and playwright known for his contributions to the Harlem Renaissance and his focus on African American identity.

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Charlie Chaplin

A famed silent film actor and director, known for his character 'The Tramp' and his contributions to early cinema.

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Babe Ruth

An iconic American baseball player, known for his home run record and larger-than-life personality, symbolizing the 1920s sports culture.

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Charles Lindbergh

An aviator who made the first solo nonstop transatlantic flight in 1927, becoming a national hero.

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Flapper

A young woman in the 1920s who embraced new fashions and social freedoms, symbolizing the changing roles of women.

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Lost Generation

A term referring to a group of American writers in the 1920s who felt disillusioned by the aftermath of World War I.

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Ernest Hemingway

A prominent writer known for his concise prose and themes of stoicism and masculinity, a key figure of the Lost Generation.

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Eugenics

A social philosophy advocating for the improvement of the human population through controlled breeding, prevalent in early 20th-century America.

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Great Migration

The movement of over six million African Americans from the rural South to urban areas in the North between 1916 and 1970.

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KKK

The Ku Klux Klan, a white supremacist hate group that promoted racial segregation and violence against African Americans, particularly during the 1920s.

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The Jazz Singer

The first significant 'talkie' film released in 1927, marking a turning point in the film industry with synchronized sound.

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Phonograph

An early device for recording and playing back sound, popularized in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

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Gramophone

A device similar to the phonograph used to play recorded music, becoming widely popular in the early 20th century.

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Charleston

A lively dance that became popular in the 1920s, reflecting the upbeat jazz music of the era.

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Zora Neale Hurston

An influential author and anthropologist known for her works on African American culture, particularly her novel 'Their Eyes Were Watching God.'

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Tulsa Race Massacre

A violent racial attack on the African American community in Tulsa, Oklahoma, in 1921, resulting in significant loss of life and property.

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Henry Ford

An American industrialist who revolutionized the automobile industry with the introduction of the assembly line and mass production techniques.

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Model T

The first affordable automobile produced by Ford Motor Company, which made car ownership accessible to the average American.

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Scientific Management

A management theory developed by Frederick Taylor aimed at improving economic efficiency and labor productivity through systematic studies.

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Assembly Lines

A manufacturing process where products are assembled in a sequential manner, significantly increasing production speed and efficiency.

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Mass Production

The production of goods in large quantities, often using assembly lines, which became a hallmark of the industrial economy in the 1920s.

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Consumer Revolution

A period in the 1920s characterized by a surge in consumer goods production and consumption, spurred by advertising and credit availability.

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Installment Buying

A purchasing method that allowed consumers to buy goods by paying in small increments over time, fueling consumerism in the 1920s.

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Buying on Margin

A practice in stock trading where investors purchase stocks with borrowed money, leading to speculation and contributing to the stock market crash of 1929.

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Andrew Mellon

The U.S. Secretary of the Treasury during the 1920s, known for his tax policies that favored wealthy individuals and businesses, stimulating economic growth.

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Teapot Dome Scandal

A bribery scandal involving the leasing of federal oil reserves to private companies during the Harding administration, highlighting government corruption.

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Washington Naval Disarmament Conference

A conference held in 1921-1922 aimed at limiting naval armaments among major powers to prevent arms races and promote peace.

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Modernism

A cultural movement in the early 20th century that embraced new ideas, artistic styles, and a break from traditional forms in literature, art, and philosophy.

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Fundamentalism

A religious movement emphasizing a strict interpretation of scripture and traditional beliefs, often in opposition to modernist views.

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Scopes Trial

A 1925 legal case in Tennessee that tested the legality of teaching evolution in schools, highlighting the conflict between science and religion.

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Red Scare

A period of intense fear of communism and radical leftism in the United States after World War I, leading to widespread paranoia and government crackdowns.

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Palmer Raids

A series of government actions in 1919-1920 aimed at deporting suspected radicals and communists, named after Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer.

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Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti

Italian immigrants and anarchists who were controversially convicted of murder in the 1920s, sparking debates about justice and prejudice.

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Quota System

Immigration laws established in the 1920s that limited the number of immigrants from certain countries, reflecting nativist sentiments and discrimination.