Genetics Vocab for Quiz (Unit 5)

What is aneuploidy?

a genetic condition where someone has either too many or too few chromosomes.

What is a centromere?

a point where sister chromatids connect

What is trisomy?

when there is an extra chromosome in a pair

What is monosomy?

when a pair is missing a chromosome

What is terminal deletion?

A piece of a chromosome is gone

What is Cri Du Chat syndrome caused by?

chromosome 5 deletion

What is Turner syndrome caused by?

deletion of a piece of the x chromosome

What is Klinefelter syndrome caused by?

an extra x chromosome

What is Williams Syndrome caused by?

chromosome 7 deletion

What is a gene?

Sequence of DNA that codes for protein

What does locus mean?

"location"

What are autosomes?

chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes

What are phenotypes?

physical manifestation of a gene

What are genotypes?

an organism's complete genetic makeup

What is a monohybrid cross?

a punnett square with only one gene

What is a dihybrid cross?

2 genes in a punnett square

What is genotypic ratio?

the proportional relationship between different genotypes in the offspring of a genetic cross

What does Mendelian mean

one allele is truly dominant

What does "non-Mendelian" mean?

incomplete allele, sex-linked, codominance

What is an incomplete allele?

dominant allele doesn't fully mask the recessive allele

What is codominance?

a genetic relationship where both alleles for a trait are fully and equally expressed

XY chromosomes are?

sex-linked

What is an allele?

An alternative form of a single gene