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Why did Britain and USA think Stalin was exploiting insecurity after the war?
Britain and the USA thought Stalin was exploiting insecurity after the war to establish an empire and spread communism and increase the global standing of the USSR
Why was Stalin concerned for the USSR?
Stalin was concerned as the USSR had been invaded from the west in 1914 and 1941
Stalin wanted buffer zones of friendly states along the USSR’s boarder to protect from future aggression
Why was the recovery of Poland important to Stalin?
Stalin saw the recovery of Poland as a matter of national pride because the Poles had beaten the USSR in 1920
What were the successes of USSR expansion into Eastern Europe?
By 19, communist governments were established in Albania, Romania, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland
What were the failures of USSR expansion into Eastern Europe?
Yugoslavian Communist Leader Tito was ejected from the COMNIFORM for receiving Marshall Aid and refusing to follow Stalin’s line
What is meant by the term “Iron Curtain”
The term was created in 1946 by Churchill
By 1946, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria and Albania were under communist governments
There is a line in Europe which is referred to as the barrier between capatilasm and communism
How did the Soviet Union gain control of Poland?
Control established in 1947
Soviet troops remained after liberation
New government formed in June 1945 dominated by Lublin Poles
Opposition leaders arrested and murdered
Rigged elections in 1947 gave communists 80% of the vote
How did the Soviet Union gain control of Romania
Control established in 1947
Soviet troops remained after libreration
Soviets accepted a coalition government in 1945, accepting key positions for communists
Gradually took over security forces
Rigged elections in 1946, communists on 90% of the vote
King Michael forced to abdicate in December
How did the Soviet Union gain control of Bulgaria
Control established in 1947
Soviet troops remained after liberation
They initially joined a coalition with the Fatherland Front (+ other parties)
They purged rival groups from the Fatherland Front
Monarchy abolished in 1946
New constitution in 1947, destroyed parliamentary democracy, opposition parties banned
How did the Soviet Union gain control of Hungary?
Control established in 1948
Soviet troops remained after liberation
Communists won 17% of the vote in November 1945, given control of the Ministry of Interior
Used secret police to persecute rival parties/politicians
Rigged elections in 1947 gave communists control of coalition government
Social Democratic Party + Communist Party merged in 1948
How did the Soviet Union gain control of Czechoslovakia?
Control established in 1948
Soviet troops left after the war
Post-war elections gave communists leadership
Politicians gradually assumed control of key government ministries, allowed them to arrest political opponents
FM Jans Masaryk (non-communist politician) is murdered in May 1947
All non-communists members of the government resigned in February 1948, communists filled remaining spots