ANSWER KEY UNIT 4 LECTURE

1) In a condition known as cryptorchidism, the testes fail because…

the relatively high internal body temperature prevents sperm production

the pampiniform plexus, cremaster muscle, and dartos muscle….

help regulate temperature in the scrotum

Carbohydrates —>

Lipids —→

Proteins—>

monosaccharides, monoglycerides and fatty acids, amino acids

which ducts degenerate in males but form the female reproductive tract?

paramesonephric (mullerian) ducts

which stage of labor is shown?

expulsion stage

6) Absorption in small intestine: Most absorption occurs in the..

Small intestine

6) Absorption in small intestine: Folds (a)

circular folds

6) Absorption in small intestine: projections (b)

Villi

6) Absorption in small intestine: Projections of cells (C)

microvilli

7) “T” falls around day 14, which is …..

Ovulation

Digestive system diagram matching: accessory digestive organ that concentrates, stores, and releases bil

E (gallbaldder)

Digestive system diagram matching; only organ of ingestion; site of action for salivary amylase

A (mouth)

Digestive system diagram matching: produces and secreates an amylase, a lipase, a nucleus and three proteases

F (pancreases)

Digestive system diagram matching: region of small intestine where most chemical digestion and absoption occurs

G (jejunum)

Digestive system diagram matching: specific region of large intestine between descending colon and rectum

L (sigmoid colon)

Gastric bypass surgery CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY

every one execpt part of the large intestine

10) If a male animal were castrated

The levels of FSH and LH would increase due to lack of NEGITIVE FEEDBACK INHIBITION by testosterone and inhibin.

Midsagittal section of abdominopelvic cavity: which letter indicates the pareital peritoneum?

A

Midsagittal section of abdominopelvic cavity: which number indicates a retroperitoneal organ?

1 (kidney)

When you swallow….

uvula, epiglottis, upper esophageal sphincter

HORMONE MATCHING: anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates secreation of androgen-binding protein (ABP) in males

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

HORMONE MATCHING: called interstitial cell-stimulating hormone (ICSH) in males

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

HORMONE MATCHING: Initiates puberty

GnRH

HORMONE MATCHING: Pregnancy hormone

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

HORMONE MATCHING: primary ovarian hormone secreted by corpus luteum

progesterone

HORMONE MATCHING: stimulates contraction of myometrium and milk ejection reflex

Oxytocin

HORMONE MATCHING: also rises if this hormone is triggered is secreted from the ruptured follicle

LH 2

Bile salts, chylomicrons, and micelles are all involved in:

digestion and absorption of lipids

15) the process by which bile salts break up large fat droplets

Emulsification

dwight was rushed to the hospital when his appendix ruptured.

Entrance of bacteria into the abdominopelvic cavity

17) the presence of fatty chyme in the small intestine stimulates it to release the hormone cholecystokinin

Gallbladder to release bile

Cristiano had his gallbladder removed. What advice is he given concerning his diet.

avoid meals that are high in fat

19) how are dizygotic (DZ, nonidentical, fraternal) twins produced?

two different eggs are fertilized by two different sperm

20) which of the following are barriers that prevent sperm from fertilizing an egg (ovum)

• Leakage of semen

• contractions and phagocytic cells

• acidic enviorment

• zona pellucida

• thick, sticky cervical mucus

21) in most parts of the digestive tract, food in the lumen is in direct contact with;

simple columnar epithelium

22) the third through eigth weeks of prenatal development are known as the ___ period

embryonic

Accessory digestive organs assist the organs of the digestive tract, CORRECT< CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY

everything but absoprtion occurs

GI TRACT LABELING: responsible for most movement of digestive tract contexts

C (Muscalris externa)

GI TRACT LABELING: layer called adventitia

D

GI TRACT LABELING: consists of epithelium, lamina propria

A (mucosa)

GI TRACT LABELING: myenteric nerve plexus located here

C

GI TRACT LABELING: Submucosa

B

GI TRACT LABELING: part of tunic thickened to form sphincters

C (Muscularis externa 2)

Diagram of oogenesis: letter D

primary oocyte

Diagram of oogenesis: letter F

second polar body

29) the secondary oocyte:

will only complete meiosis 2 if fertilization occurs

which letter is the corpus luteum

i

31) Before sperm can accomplish fertilization, (2 dropdown)

capacitation, acrosome

37) pepsinogen and pancreatic proteases

inactive when produced or secreted

36) which of the statements below about human gametes is INCORRECT?

In males, gametes are produced by interstitial cells of the testes

ovarian cycle matching: occurs around day 14

Ovulation

ovarian cycle matching: primary follicles develop

Follicular phase

ovarian cycle matching: ruptured, empty follicle

luteal phase

Digestive sphincter matching: if this sphincter doesnt close properly heartburn may occur

Lower esophageal sphincter

Digestive sphincter matching: located between stomach and duodenum

Pyloric sphincter

Digestive sphincter matching: sphincter located between small intestine and large intestine

Ileocecal valve

Digestive sphincter matching: voluntary controlled sphincter of the anal canal

external anal sphincter

Penis diagram lateral view: cylinder of erectile tissue

G (corpus spongiosum)

Penis diagram lateral view: enlargement of accessory gland

O (prostate)

Penis diagram lateral view: removed during circumcision

H (glans penis)

Penis diagram lateral view: accessory gland that produces mucus

N (bulborethral gland)

Penis diagram lateral view: site of testosterone and sperm production

K( testes)

spermatogeneis diagram back end of test: meiosis 2 is indicated by?

4

spermatogeneis diagram back end of test: the process indicated by the number 4 is

spermiogenesis

spermatogeneis diagram back end of test: the cell type indicated by the letter A is

spermatogonium

spermatogeneis diagram back end of test: the cell type indicated by the letter C is

secondary spermatocyte

Once chemical digestion is complete MOST (2 drop downs)

Capillaries, lacteals

Female anatomy diagram labeling: fertilization usually occurs in the ampulla of this organ

Y (uterine tube)

Female anatomy diagram labeling: composed of superficial functional layer

W (endometrium)

Female anatomy diagram labeling: Oogenesis primarily occurs here

M (ovary)

Female anatomy diagram labeling: major organ of sexual arosaul in females

R (clitoris)

Mammary gland picture late in test: A

lobule

Mammary gland picture late in test: B

lactiferous sinus

42) matching digestive substances: begins starch digestion

salivary amylase

42) matching digestive substances: enzyme that begins chemical digestion of protein in stomach

pepsin

42) matching digestive substances: “Finishing enzymes”

Brush border enzymes (BBE)

42) matching digestive substances: lipid digesting enzyme

lingual lipase

42) matching digestive substances: majority of lipid digestion

pancreatic lipase

exposed part of tooth

crown

hardest material of tooth

Enamel

T or F folds and sheets of connective tissue

True 1

T or F Both female and male reproductive systems are primarily nonfunctional until puberty

True 2

T or F: hormones that regulate digestion, CCK

True 3

T or F breaking down complex molecules into simpler ones

false

T or F: an ectopic pregnancy is one that occurs outside the oviducts

false

EXTRA CREDIT: Begins before birth and ends at menopause

Oogenesis only

EXTRA CREDIT: stimulated by FSH and LH

both oogenesis and spermatogenesis

EXTRA CREDIT: four viable gametes

spermatogenesis only

EXTRA CREDIT: involves formation of polar bodies

Oogenesis only

EXTRA CREDIT: Occurs primarily in saclike structures

Oogenesis only