E1 Lecture 4: Liposomes & Nanotechnology

What are the 5 methods of Liposome/ Nanotechnology drug delivery?

-Injection
-Oral Delivery
-Inhalation
-Implantation
-Transdermal

What are current problems in drug delivery of Liposomes and Nanotechnology

-Poor bioavailability
-High initial release (burst)
-Loss of bioactivity
-Delivery to non-targeted sites

Define nanomedicine

Application of nanotechnology to diagnosis and treatment of diseases

What are Research Medical Applications of Nanotechnology

-Drug Screening (labeling)
-Gene Delivery (Transfection)
-Diagnosis (devices and labeling)

What are Clinical Medical applications of Nanotechnology

-Drug delivery (therapy)
-Detection (imaging)
-Diagnosis/ Monitoring (Disease Markers)

What is nanoscience

Study of objects measured in nanometers

What are advantages of nano-medicine

-Protects drugs from being degraded before reaching target
-Enhances absorption of drugs into tumors and cancerous cells
-Between control of timing and distribution
-Prevent drugs from interacting with normal cells, avoiding side effects

What is the MOA of nano-encapsulation for drug delivery

- Can allow encapsulation of hydrophobic drugs which are difficult to get into your mostly water body
-Encapsulation of drugs that are easily destroyed in blood stream

What is the goal for targeted delivery to tumors using Nanotechnology

Inject treatment far from tumor and have large accumulation in the tumor and minimal accumulation in normal cells

What are disadvantages of Nano-medicine

-Expensive
-Difficult to manufacture
-Drug leakage
-Reticuloendothelial systems endocytosis
-Reproducibility
-Stability

What is a liposome

A self closing spherical partical with a lipid bilayer

Define amphiphilic

Can entrap water-soluble and water-insoluble drugs

The following are examples of _____________
- Doxil
-AmBisome
DepoCyt
-Marqibo
- Abraxane

Liposomes

Doxil is a liposomal injection that is used as a

Chemotherapy agent

How does STEALTH technology help DOXIL work?

Helps to evade detection and destruction of immune system, allowing more time to reach tumor

Ambisome is a lisosomal medication used for

Antifungal infections

Depo-Cyt is a lysosomal medication used for

Meningitis

Abraxane is a lysosomal medication used for

Chemotherapy for breast cancer

The concept of "clever" drug targeting system includes the coordinating behavior of which three components

Targeting moiety, the carrier, and therapeutic drugs

What is the job of the targeting moiety in a smart lysosome DDS

Recognize and bind to target

What is the function of the carrier in a smart lysosome DDS

Carries the drug

What is the function of the therapeutic drug in a lysosomal DDS

Provide therapeutic action to site

The following are examples of


-Antibodies
-Proteins
-Lipoproteins
-Hormones
-Charged Molecules
-Polysaacharides
-Low-MW ligands

Targeting Moieties

What are the 5 types of Polymeric nanoparticles

-Polymeric Drug/Sequestrant
-Polymer-Protein Conjugate
-Polyplex: Polymer DNA complex
-Polymer-Drug conjugate
-Polymeric Micelle

Can polymers act as an active ingredient? If so, give an example

Yes. Copaxone

What is a drug pegasys

Conjugated polymer nanoparticle used for Hepatitis B & C. Has a PEG chain that enhances plasma stability and solubity of the drug while reducing immunogenicity