AP United States History - Midterm Review

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards covering key themes and terms from Colonial America through the Reconstruction era in U.S. History.

Colonial America

The period of American history before independence, including the establishment of the Thirteen Colonies.

Halfway Covenant

A form of partial church membership created by New England in 1662.

Salutary Neglect

An unofficial British policy that allowed the colonies to have greater independence during the early to mid-18th century.

Bacon’s Rebellion

A 1676 rebellion in Virginia led by Nathaniel Bacon against Governor William Berkeley's administration.

The Great Compromise

The agreement during the Constitutional Convention that established a two-house legislature with representation based on population and equal representation.

The Federalists

Supporters of the proposed Constitution who favored a strong central government.

3/5 Compromise

A compromise reached at the Constitutional Convention that determined that three-fifths of the slave population would count for determining representation in Congress.

The War of 1812

A conflict fought between the United States and Great Britain from 1812 to 1815.

Second Great Awakening

A Protestant revival movement in the early 19th century focusing on personal piety and social reform.

Manifest Destiny

The 19th-century doctrine that the United States was destined to expand across the continent.

Emancipation Proclamation

An executive order issued by Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, freeing slaves in Confederate states.

Radical Reconstruction

A phase of Reconstruction that aimed at extending civil rights to freedmen and reducing the power of southern whites.

Social Darwinism

The belief that the principles of natural selection and survival of the fittest apply to human society.

Laissez Faire

An economic philosophy of free-market capitalism that opposes government intervention.

Vertical Integration

A business model in which a company controls multiple levels of production to increase efficiency.

Post-Civil War Economic Expansion

The period following the Civil War characterized by rapid industrial growth and expansion in the U.S.

Chinese Exclusion Act

A federal law signed in 1882 that suspended Chinese immigration to the United States.

Progressive Era

A period of social activism and political reform in the United States from the 1890s to the 1920s.

Labor Unions

Organizations formed by workers to advocate for their rights and interests.

Nativism

The policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants.

Political Machines

Organizations that use legal and illegal methods to influence the outcomes of elections and political decisions.