Alkanes and alkenes

What is the smallest alkane?

Methane (CH4) (1 Carbon)

Are alkanes saturated or unsaturated ?

Saturated - each carbon atoms forms four single covalent bonds

Are alkenes saturated or unsaturated ?

Unsaturated - they have a c=c double bond

What is the functional group of an alkene?

C = C (double bond)

What is the general formula of an alkane?

CnH2n+2

What is the general formula of an alkene?

CnH

How many carbons does ethanol have? (Alkane)

2 Carbons, 6 Hydrogens

How many carbons does propane have? (Alkane)

3 Carbons, 8 Hydrogens

How many carbons does butane have? (Alkane)

4 Carbons, 10 Hydrogens

How many carbons does pentane have? (Alkane)

5 Carbons, 12 Hydrogens

How many carbons does hexane have? (Alkane)

6 Carbons, 14 Hydrogens

What is the boiling point in reference to alkanes?

As the length increases the boiling point increases

What is the state of the first four hydrocarbons (Methane, Ethanol, Propane, Butane) at room temperature?

Gases at room temperature

What happens as the hydrocarbons increase their boiling points? (Pentane, Hexane)

They become liquids at room temperature

Shorter alkanes have a low boiling point, what property do they have?

Shorter alkanes are more volatile meaning they evaporate more easily

Longer alkanes have a high boiling point so, what property do they have?

They are more viscous (thick)

Which alkanes are more flammable?

Shorter alkanes

Test for alkenes

Add bromine water to the alkene solution, the solution goes from brown to colourless if alkenes are present

When alkenes are added together what do they make?

Polymers - double bond can break to form two or more bonds = bond to the adjacent molecules