Human Anatomy and Physiology I - Cells and Tissues

This set of flashcards covers vocabulary related to human anatomy and physiology, specifically focusing on cells and tissues.

Anatomy

The study of the structure of the body and its parts.

Physiology

The study of how the body and its parts function.

Tissue Culture

A technique that allows for the growth of tissues in a controlled environment.

Histology

The study of tissues at a microscopic level.

Intracellular Materials

Materials found within cells, including cytoplasm and organelles.

Extracellular Materials

Materials found outside of cells, between tissues or in body cavities.

Interstitial Fluid

Fluid found between cells of a tissue.

Plasma

Extracellular fluid present in blood.

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord.

Proteoglycans

Molecules made of proteins and carbohydrates that stabilize tissue structure.

CAMs (Cell Adhesion Molecules)

Membrane proteins that facilitate cell adhesion and interaction with the extracellular matrix.

Tight Junctions

Impermeable barriers formed between adjacent cell membranes.

Desmosomes

Structures that anchor adjacent cells together and provide structural integrity.

Gap Junctions

Channels that allow direct communication between adjacent cells.

Ligand

Molecules that bind to specific receptors on target cells.

Endocrine Hormones

Hormones secreted into the bloodstream to target distant organs.

Epithelial Tissue

Tissue that covers body surfaces, lines cavities, and forms glands.

Connective Tissue

Tissue that supports, binds, and protects other tissues and organs.

Muscle Tissue

Tissue responsible for movement and force generation.

Nerve Tissue

Tissue that initiates and transmits electrical signals.

Regeneration

The replacement of injured tissue with the same type of tissue.

Fibrosis

Replacement of injured tissue with fibrous connective tissue.

Merocrine Glands

Glands that secrete their product via exocytosis.

Holocrine Glands

Glands that release their product when the cell ruptures.

Apocrine Glands

Glands that release their product when the apical part of the cell pinches off.