CD Unit 4

Things needed to memorize

Cephalocaudal principle

Growth starts from head and goes down to torso and legs

Proximodistal principle

Growth starts in the center of body and moves out to organs, then to arms and legs

Undernutrition Cause and Consequences

Illness that results from insufficient nutrient intake, leading to stunted growth, weakened immune function, and developmental delays. Consequences: Stunted growth

Obesity Cause and Consequences

Cause: Epigenetics Consequences: Diabetes, trouble breathing

Birth - 3 mon

Raise head slightly lying on stomach

3-6 mon

Roll over, make discoveries with objects Reach for and touch objects

6 -9 mon

Crawl Grasp Transfer object between hands

9 - 12 mon

Sit without support stands unaided Drop and pick up toys

12 - 18

Begin to walk Roll ball Turn knobs and faucets

18 - 24 mon

Walk up and down the stairs with help Turn a few pages

24 - 36 mon

Jump with both feet Control Bladder Hold crayon correct Draw a circle

3 - 4 y o

Master running Walk on a line Button large buttons Build tall tower of blocks

4 - 5 y o

Dress self Catch ball with 2 hands Cut on straight line with scissors

5 - 6 y o

Play ball games Zip coat

6 -7 y o

Ride bike Tie shoes

8 - 10 y o

Skip freely Hang on monkey bars Write in cursive if taught

Regressed motor skills

Toddler refusing to learn Medical examination

Stiff limbs

Cerebral palsy Physical therapy

Floppy muscles

Down syndrome Exercise

Not walking

Not enough encouragement Encouragement and practice

Walking on toes

Short achilles tendon Surgery

Favors one side

Hemiplegia Therapy

Very clumsy

Vision problem Eye exam

Always moving

ADHD specialist for evaluation

Weak manual dexterity

Late motor skills Encouragement

Difficulty eating

Viral infection Blood work