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Levels of Management
Top
Middle
Front-Line
Management Role Categories
The categories of roles - interpersonal, informational, and decisional - managers play as they accomplish management functions
Management Skills
The skills needed to be an effective manager, including technical, interpersonal, and decision-making skills
Technical Skills
The ability to use methods and techniques to perform a task
Interpersonal Skills
the ability to understand, communicate with, and work well with individuals and groups through developing effective relationships
Decision-Making Skills
The ability to conceptualize situations and select alternatives to solve problems and take advantage of opportunities
Management Functions
Planning
Organizing
Leading
Controlling
Types of Managers
General
Functional
Project
Manager
The individual responsible for achieving organizational objectives through efficient and effective utilization of resources.
Manager's resources
Human
Financial
Physical
Informational
Performance
Means of evaluating how effectively and efficiently managers utilize resources to achieve objectives
Planning
the process of setting objectives and determining in advance exactly how the objectives will be met
Organizing
The process of delegating and coordinating tasks and allocating resources to achieve objectives
Leading
the process of influencing employees to work toward achieving objectives
Controlling
the process of monitoring progress and taking corrective action when needed to ensure that objectives are achieved
Classical Theorists
Researchers who focus on the job and management functions to determine the best way to manage in all organizations.
Behavioral Theorists
Researchers who focus on people to determine the best way to manage in all organizations.
Management science theorists
Researchers who focus on the use of mathematics to aid in problem solving and decision making.
Systems Theorists
Researchers who focus on viewing the organization as a whole and as the interrelationship of its parts
Sociotechnical Theorists
Researchers who focus on integrating people and technology.
Contingency Theorists
Researchers who focus on determining the best management approach for a given situation.
Knowledge management
Involving everyone in an organization in sharing knowledge and applying it continuously to improve products and processes.